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  2. Matrix mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_mechanics

    Matrix mechanics is a formulation of ... A follow-on paper was submitted for publication before the end of the year by all ... American Journal of Physics. 72 (11).

  3. Matrix theory (physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_theory_(physics)

    In theoretical physics, the matrix theory is a quantum mechanical model proposed in 1997 by Tom Banks, Willy Fischler, Stephen Shenker, and Leonard Susskind; it is also known as BFSS matrix model, after the authors' initials.

  4. M-theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M-theory

    [11] Supersymmetry ... Years later, he would state, "I thought my colleagues would understand that it really stood for membrane. ... In physics, a matrix model is a ...

  5. Automatic calculation of particle interaction or decay

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_calculation_of...

    The interplay or matching of the precise matrix element calculation and the approximations resulting from the simulation of the parton shower gives rise to further complications, either within a given level of precision like at leading order (LO) for the production of n jets or between two levels of precision when tempting to connect matrix ...

  6. Index notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_notation

    A vector treated as an array of numbers by writing as a row vector or column vector (whichever is used depends on convenience or context): = (), = Index notation allows indication of the elements of the array by simply writing a i, where the index i is known to run from 1 to n, because of n-dimensions. [1]

  7. Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_formulation...

    Standard Model of Particle Physics. The diagram shows the elementary particles of the Standard Model (the Higgs boson, the three generations of quarks and leptons, and the gauge bosons), including their names, masses, spins, charges, chiralities, and interactions with the strong, weak and electromagnetic forces.

  8. Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontecorvo–Maki...

    In particle physics, the Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata matrix (PMNS matrix), Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata matrix (MNS matrix), lepton mixing matrix, or neutrino mixing matrix is a unitary [a] mixing matrix that contains information on the mismatch of quantum states of neutrinos when they propagate freely and when they take part in weak interactions.

  9. Matrix element (physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_element_(physics)

    In physics, particularly in quantum perturbation theory, the matrix element refers to the linear operator of a modified Hamiltonian using Dirac notation.It is in fact referring to the matrix elements of a Hamiltonian operator which serves the purpose of calculating transition probabilities between different quantum states.