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Military mode Civilian mode Description 1: Provides 2-digit 5-bit mission code (cockpit selectable) [1] 2: Provides 4-digit octal unit code (set on ground for fighters, can be changed in flight by transport aircraft) [1]
Non-discrete mode A code reserved use in mode S radar/ADS-B environment where the aircraft identification will be used to correlate the flight plan instead of the mode A code. [1] US: Used exclusively by ADS-B aircraft to inhibit mode 3A transmission. [3] US: Non-discrete code assignments in accordance with FAA Order JO 7110.65, 5-2.
A discrete transponder code (often called a squawk code) is assigned by air traffic controllers to identify an aircraft uniquely in a flight information region (FIR). This allows easy identification of aircraft on radar. [6] [7] Codes are made of four octal digits; the dials on a transponder read from zero to seven, inclusive. Four octal digits ...
A Transponder – Mode A (4 digits – 4,096 codes) C Transponder – Mode A (4 digits – 4,096 codes) and Mode C; E Transponder — Mode S, including aircraft identification, pressure-altitude and extended squitter capability; H Transponder — Mode S, including aircraft identification, pressure-altitude and enhanced surveillance capability
Mode 1: military only; provides 2-digit octal (6 bit) "mission code" that identifies the aircraft type or mission. [21] Mode 2: military only; provides 4-digit octal (12 bit) unit code or tail number. [22] Mode 3/A: military/civilian; provides a 4-digit octal (12 bit) identification code for the aircraft, assigned by the air traffic controller.
Depending on the type of interrogation, the transponder sends back a transponder code (or "squawk code", Mode A) or altitude information (Mode C) to help air traffic controllers to identify the aircraft and to maintain separation between planes. Another mode called Mode S (Mode Select) is designed to help avoiding over-interrogation of the ...
Mode 3/A uses a P1 to P3 spacing of 8.0 μs, and is used to request the beacon code, which was assigned to the aircraft by the controller to identify it. Mode C uses a spacing of 21 μs, and requests the aircraft's pressure altitude, provided by the altitude encoder.
Using such a code means it would not be seen in military ground stations supporting only the older Mode 3, and for this reason, Mode A codes generally end with "00". For instance, the standard code to identify an aircraft flying under visual flight rules in North America is 1200, while the emergency code is, as with the military codes, 7700. [22]