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The integrated circuit (IC) chips in a computer typically contain billions of tiny metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). [48] Components directly attached to or to part of the motherboard include: At least one CPU (central processing unit), which performs most of the calculations that enable a computer to function. [49]
A human computer, with microscope and calculator, 1952. It was not until the mid-20th century that the word acquired its modern definition; according to the Oxford English Dictionary, the first known use of the word computer was in a different sense, in a 1613 book called The Yong Mans Gleanings by the English writer Richard Brathwait: "I haue [] read the truest computer of Times, and the best ...
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to computers: . Computers – programmable machines designed to automatically carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations.
A technology consisting of computer components and recording media used to retain digital data. It is a core function and fundamental component of computers. [1] device memory local memory associated with a hardware device such as a graphics processing unit or OpenCL compute device, distinct from main memory. Digital Video Disc (DVD)
CAD—Computer-aided design; CAE—Computer-aided engineering; CAID—Computer-aided industrial design; CAI—Computer-aided instruction; CAM—Computer-aided manufacturing; CAP—Consistency availability partition tolerance (theorem) CAPTCHA—Completely automated public Turing test to tell computers and humans apart; CAT—Computer-aided ...
A PDF creator and virtual PDF printer for Microsoft Windows PDF-XChange: Proprietary: Yes: PDF Tools allows creation of PDFs from many types of source input (images, scans, etc.). The PDF-XChange print driver allows printing directly to a PDF. A "lite" version of the print driver is free for non-commercial (home and academic) use. PrimoPDF ...
The first documented computer architecture was in the correspondence between Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace, describing the analytical engine.While building the computer Z1 in 1936, Konrad Zuse described in two patent applications for his future projects that machine instructions could be stored in the same storage used for data, i.e., the stored-program concept.
PDF 2.0 defines 256-bit AES encryption as the standard for PDF 2.0 files. The PDF Reference also defines ways that third parties can define their own encryption systems for PDF. PDF files may be digitally signed, to provide secure authentication; complete details on implementing digital signatures in PDF are provided in ISO 32000-2.