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Sixth nerve palsy, or abducens nerve palsy, is a disorder associated with dysfunction of cranial nerve VI (the abducens nerve), which is responsible for causing contraction of the lateral rectus muscle to abduct (i.e., turn out) the eye. [1]
Symptoms of motor neuron diseases can be first seen at birth or can come on slowly later in life. Most of these diseases worsen over time; while some, such as ALS, shorten one's life expectancy, others do not. [2] Currently, there are no approved treatments for the majority of motor neuron disorders, and care is mostly symptomatic. [2]
In many cases, symptoms are mild enough to go unnoticed. The time period between episodes is known to vary between individuals. HNPP has not been found to alter the lifespan, although in some cases a decline in quality of life is noticed. Some sufferers (10–15%) report various pains growing in severity with progression of the disease. [1]
Reduced life expectancy Maroteaux–Lamy syndrome , or Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VI (MPS-VI) , is an inherited disease caused by a deficiency in the enzyme arylsulfatase B (ARSB). [ 3 ] ASRB is responsible for the breakdown of large sugar molecules called glycosaminoglycans (GAGs, also known as mucopolysaccharides).
The average age of onset for hemiplegic episodes has been found to be 6–7 months of age. [4] This early onset gives the name of this disorder the slightly misleading ending "of childhood". AHC is not exclusively limited to childhood – attacks in some cases become milder after the first ten years of life, but they never completely disappear. [7]
Children with Möbius syndrome may have delayed speech because of paralysis of muscles that move the lips, soft palate and tongue root. However, with speech therapy, most people with Möbius syndrome can develop understandable speech. [5] Möbius syndrome has been associated with increased occurrence of the symptoms of autism. [6]
Angelman syndrome, autism, cerebral palsy, childhood disintegrative disorder, various neurodegenerative disorders [6] Treatment: Special education, physiotherapy, braces [5] Medication: Anticonvulsants [5] Prognosis: Life expectancy for many is middle age. [5] Frequency: 1 in 8,500 females [4] Lethal in males, with rare exceptions.
Fazio–Londe disease (FLD), also called progressive bulbar palsy of childhood, [1] [2] is a very rare inherited motor neuron disease of children and young adults and is characterized by progressive paralysis of muscles innervated by cranial nerves.