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Optimism bias or optimistic bias is a cognitive bias that causes someone to believe that they themselves are less likely to experience a negative event. It is also known as unrealistic optimism or comparative optimism. It is common and transcends gender, ethnicity, nationality, and age. [1] Autistic people are less susceptible to this kind of ...
The Pollyanna principle (also called Pollyannaism or positivity bias) is the tendency for people to remember pleasant items more accurately than unpleasant ones. [1] Research indicates that at the subconscious level, the mind tends to focus on the optimistic; while at the conscious level, it tends to focus on the negative.
familiarity principle (in social psychology) The tendency to express undue liking for things merely because of familiarity with them. [107] Omission bias: The tendency to judge harmful actions (commissions) as worse, or less moral, than equally harmful inactions (omissions). [108] Optimism bias
Generally, optimism is defined as the "expectation that good things will happen, or believing the future will be favorable because we can control important outcomes,” said Hayami Koga, a ...
Some have argued that optimism is the opposite end of a single dimension with pessimism, [14] [page needed] with any distinction between them reflecting factors such as social desirability. Confirmatory modelling , however, supports a two-dimensional model [ 15 ] and the two dimensions predict different outcomes [ clarification needed ] . [ 16 ]
Toxic positivity is a "pressure to stay upbeat no matter how dire one's circumstance is", which may prevent emotional coping by feeling otherwise natural emotions. [2] Toxic positivity happens when people believe that negative thoughts about anything should be avoided.
The concept of explanatory style encompasses a wide range of possible responses to both positive and negative occurrences, rather than a black-white difference between optimism and pessimism. Also, an individual does not necessarily show a uniform explanatory style in all aspects of life, but may exhibit varying responses to different types of ...
In psychology, the positivity offset is a phenomenon where people tend to interpret neutral situations as mildly positive, and rate their lives as good, most of the time. The positivity offset stands in notable asymmetry to the negativity bias .