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They perform precision ground control survey operations to provide the positional data required for various weapons delivery and C3 systems, construct and revise military maps and charts, conduct geodetic, topographic, and hydrographic survey operations, and analyze terrain and hydrography as a functional aspect of military intelligence.
Survey markers, also called survey marks, survey monuments, or geodetic marks, are objects placed to mark key survey points on the Earth's surface. They are used in geodetic and land surveying . A benchmark is a type of survey marker that indicates elevation ( vertical position ).
A surveyor using a total station A student using a theodolite in field. Surveying or land surveying is the technique, profession, art, and science of determining the terrestrial two-dimensional or three-dimensional positions of points and the distances and angles between them.
Benchmarking, also known as benchmark hunting, [1] is a hobby activity in which participants find benchmarks (also known as survey markers or geodetic control points). The term "benchmark" is used only to refer to survey markers that designate a certain elevation , but hobbyists often use the term benchmarks to include triangulation stations or ...
A (relatively prominent) survey monument that is part of the NSRS [1]. The National Spatial Reference System (NSRS), managed by the National Geodetic Survey (NGS), is a coordinate system that includes latitude, longitude, elevation, and other values.
The program was created by the National Geodetic Survey (NGS) in 1994 and is available as an online tool, [2] or PC executable package. [3] The package contains the Perl source code. The NGS is the government agency charged with responsibility for the National Spatial Reference System. [4]
A coordinate system conversion is a conversion from one coordinate system to another, with both coordinate systems based on the same geodetic datum. Common conversion tasks include conversion between geodetic and earth-centered, earth-fixed coordinates and conversion from one type of map projection to another.
It took some time for the changed definition — Liverpool to Newlyn — to work through the system: by 1950, some 40% of the lower secondary and tertiary levellings were still using the Liverpool datum. But following the Third Geodetic Levelling, Ordnance Survey maps published since March 1956 give spot heights above the Newlyn datum. [4] [5]