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A load-bearing wall or bearing wall is a wall that is an active structural element of a building — that is, it bears the weight of the elements above said wall, resting upon it by conducting its weight to a foundation structure. [1] The materials most often used to construct load-bearing walls in large buildings are concrete, block, or brick.
An unreinforced masonry building (or UMB, URM building) is a type of building where load bearing walls, non-load bearing walls or other structures, such as chimneys, are made of brick, cinderblock, tiles, adobe or other masonry material that is not braced by reinforcing material, such as rebar in a concrete or cinderblock. [1]
In structural engineering, structural elements are used in structural analysis to split a complex structure into simple elements (each bearing a structural load).Within a structure, an element cannot be broken down (decomposed) into parts of different kinds (e.g., beam or column).
Crosswall construction is a building technique that uses prefabricated concrete modules with load-bearing walls that act to communicate the entire weight of the building to its foundation. [1] [2] [3]
Clay based buildings usually come in two distinct types. One being when the walls are made directly with the mud mixture, and the other being walls built by stacking air-dried building blocks called mud bricks. Other uses of clay in building is combined with straws to create light clay, wattle and daub, and mud plaster.
Row House House Style Common in dense cities, row houses share a wall and roofline with their neighboring house, giving a uniform, connected look to all of the dwellings on the block.
The compressive strength of concrete blocks and masonry walls varies from approximately 3.4 to 34.5 MPa (500–5,000 psi) based on the type of concrete used to manufacture the unit, stacking orientation, the type of mortar used to build the wall, and whether it is a load-bearing partition or not, among other factors. [18] [19] [20] [21]
The absence of load-bearing partition walls affords greater flexibility in design and use of living spaces; the house is unrestrained in its internal use. [2] Free design of the façade – separated exterior of the building is free from conventional structural restriction, allowing the façade to be unrestrained, lighter, more open. [2]