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Pytheas was a central source of information on the North Sea and the subarctic regions of western Europe to later periods, and possibly the only source. The only ancient authors we know by name who certainly saw Pytheas' original text were Dicaearchus, Timaeus, Eratosthenes, Crates of Mallus, Hipparchus, Polybius, Artemidorus and Posidonius. [88]
The Greek explorer Pytheas of the Greek city of Massalia (now Marseille, France) is the first to have written of Thule, after his travels between 330 and 320 BC.Pytheas mentioned going to Thule in his now lost work, On The Ocean Τὰ περὶ τοῦ Ὠκεανοῦ (ta peri tou Okeanou).
Pythias (/ ˈ p ɪ θ i ə s /; Greek: Πυθιάς, romanized: Pūthiás), also known as Pythias the Elder, was the adoptive daughter of Hermias, ruler of the cities Assos and Atarneus on the Anatolian coast opposite the island of Lesbos.
Pythia's Oasis is a cold seep on the ocean floor 50 miles (80 km) off the coast of Newport, Oregon, United States (1], characterized by a focused stream of highly altered fluid that is approximately 9 °C (16 °F) above normal ocean background temperature. Early results indicate "elevated flow rates" sustained for about 1,500 years.
Pytheas (Ancient Greek: Πυθέας) of Athens was an orator who wrote speeches and other works. [1] Pytheas opposed fellow orators Demosthenes and Demades . [ 2 ] In 323 BC, he was a persecutor of Demosthenes in the Harpalus bribery scandal.
Pliny the Elder (HN. 4.95; 37.35-36) "Xenophon of Lampsacus tells us that at a distance of three days' sail from the shores of Scythia, there is an island of immense size called Baltia, which by Pytheas is called Basilia."
The first true ocean-going boats were invented by the Austronesian peoples, using technologies like multihulls, outriggers, crab claw sails, and tanja sails. This enabled the rapid spread of Austronesians into the islands of both the Indian and the Pacific Oceans , known as the Austronesian expansion .
World map of the five-ocean model with approximate boundaries. This list of countries which border two or more oceans includes both sovereign states and dependencies, provided the same contiguous territory borders on more than one of the five named oceans, the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, and Arctic. [1]