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Values near or below zero indicate processes operating off target (^ far from T) or with high variation. Fixing values for minimum "acceptable" process capability targets is a matter of personal opinion, and what consensus exists varies by industry, facility, and the process under consideration.
Consider a quality characteristic with a target of 100.00 μm and upper and lower specification limits of 106.00 μm and 94.00 μm, respectively. If, after carefully monitoring the process for a while, it appears that the process is out of control and producing output unpredictably (as depicted in the run chart below), one can't meaningfully estimate its mean and standard deviation.
The process capability is a measurable property of a process to the specification, expressed as a process capability index (e.g., C pk or C pm) or as a process performance index (e.g., P pk or P pm).
Since 2018, PPK and PPK/S models have been built at the factory of US-based subsidiary Walther Arms, Inc. [12] [13] The PP and the PPK were among the world's first successful double action semi-automatic pistols. The PPK and PP are still manufactured by Walther, but the PP went out of production between 1999 and 2024 [14] and
One part per billion (ppb) denotes one part per 1,000,000,000 (10 9) parts, and a value of 10 −9. This is equivalent to about three seconds out of a century. One part per trillion (ppt) denotes one part per 1,000,000,000,000 (10 12) parts, and a value of 10 −12. This is equivalent to about thirty seconds out of every million years.
The positive predictive value (PPV), or precision, is defined as = + = where a "true positive" is the event that the test makes a positive prediction, and the subject has a positive result under the gold standard, and a "false positive" is the event that the test makes a positive prediction, and the subject has a negative result under the gold standard.
PPK (trance duo), a Russian trance duo.ppk, PuTTY private key file format; Walther PPK, a variant of the Walther PP pistol; Pedro Pablo Kuczynski (born 1938), also known as PPK, former President of Peru; Personal preference kit, an allowance of personal items that an astronaut can bring on a mission
Cartridge: 9×18mm Makarov.380 Auto. 9x18mm 7N16 (PMM variant) Action: Blowback: Muzzle velocity: 315 m/s (1,030 ft/s) Effective firing range: 50 m (55 yd)