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Sheehan's syndrome, also known as postpartum pituitary gland necrosis, occurs when the pituitary gland is damaged due to significant blood loss and hypovolemic shock (ischemic necrosis) or stroke, originally described during or after childbirth leading to decreased functioning of the pituitary gland (hypopituitarism). [1]
The signs and symptoms of hypopituitarism vary, depending on which hormones are undersecreted and on the underlying cause of the abnormality. The diagnosis of hypopituitarism is made by blood tests, but often specific scans and other investigations are needed to find the underlying cause, such as tumors of the pituitary, and the ideal treatment ...
However, clinical, laboratory data, and imaging can all help with the diagnosis.[8] First and foremost, patients present with symptoms of hypopituitarism and must undergo pituitary hormone function evaluation. [1] Biopsy is the only means of accurate diagnosis as no autoantigen has been discovered.
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH), is due to problems with either the hypothalamus or pituitary gland affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG axis). [1] Hypothalamic disorders result from a deficiency in the release of gonadotropic releasing hormone ( GnRH ), while pituitary gland disorders are due to a deficiency in the release ...
This classical pattern results from type 1 allostatic load, i.e. a stress response resulting from lacking energy, oxygen, and glutathione. [ 2 ] An alternative phenotype with a largely inverse hormonal pattern is seen in several physiological and pathological conditions, including pregnancy , obesity , endurance training, and psychiatric diseases.
Dogs with primary hypothyroidism also have increased levels of growth hormone and IGF-1; however, thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone levels are normal in dogs with hypersomatotropism. [ 1 ] Progestogens administered to dogs may result in endogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion being suppressed, which lowers the cortisol ...
Affected individuals may present with hypoglycaemia during the neonatal period, or with growth retardation during childhood (those diagnosed in the neonatal period appear to be affected by a particularly severe form of the disorder). PSIS is a common cause of congenital hypopituitarism, and causes a permanent growth hormone deficit.
The paper showed convincingly that emaciation and premature senility, previously considered to be essential for the diagnosis of pituitary insufficiency, were not features of the syndrome. This paper, rather than Sheehan's earlier papers on pituitary necrosis, led to the syndrome of post-partum pituitary necrosis becoming known as Sheehan's ...