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Estrogen deprivation therapy, also known as endocrine therapy, is a form of hormone therapy that is used in the treatment of breast cancer.Modalities include antiestrogens or estrogen blockers such as selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) like tamoxifen, selective estrogen receptor degraders like fulvestrant, and aromatase inhibitors like anastrozole and ovariectomy.
[6] [8] [9] [5] It is a triphenylethylene derivative and is closely related to tamoxifen. [10] Toremifene was introduced for medical use in 1997. [11] [12] It was the first antiestrogen to be introduced since tamoxifen in 1978. [13] It is available as a generic medication in the United States. [14]
Sivifene (A-007) was initially thought to be a SERM due to its structural similarity to tamoxifen but it was subsequently found not to bind to the estrogen receptor (ER). [8] Tesmilifene (DPPE; YMB-1002, BMS-217380-01) is also structurally related to tamoxifen but similarly does not bind to the ER and is not a SERM. [9] [10]
Tamoxifen is also thought to lower the risk of breast cancer in those who have a predisposition or at risk. [9] Tamoxifen may be used in pre and postmenopausal women. [10] Toremifene is a similar SERM drug to tamoxifen, but is less common and only approved for treatment of metastatic cancer. Toremifene is generally prescribed once tamoxifen is ...
[11] [7] Peak levels of tamoxifen after a single 40 mg oral dose were 65 ng/mL and steady state levels at 20 mg/day were 310 ng/mL. [5] Levels of tamoxifen show clear dose dependency across a dosage range of 1 to 20 mg/day. [5] [93] Endoxifen levels are approximately 5 to 10 times higher than afimoxifene levels, with large interindividual ...
He was due in court on Monday, Feb. 17, to answer for three counts of attempted first-degree murder, three counts of assault on a law enforcement officer by pointing a firearm, possession of a ...
If you’re stuck on today’s Wordle answer, we’re here to help—but beware of spoilers for Wordle 1315 ahead. Let's start with a few hints.
The drug also counteracts gynecomastia as well as fat and water retention following excessive aromatase production due to testosterone doping. [17] It is also used by steroid users to lower female sexual horomone levels following a cycle of steroids, often called a "post-cycle therapy", it is also used alongside Selective estrogen receptor ...