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Telomeric repeat-binding factor 2 is a protein that is present at telomeres throughout the cell cycle. It is also known as TERF2, TRF2, and TRBF2, and is encoded in humans by the TERF2 gene. [ 5 ] It is a component of the shelterin nucleoprotein complex and a second negative regulator of telomere length, playing a key role in the protective ...
It is known to protect telomeres in mammals from DNA mechanisms that are used for repair purposes and at the same time regulate the activity carried out by telomerase. The telomeric repeat binding factor 1 protein is present at telomeres, where the cells aging aspect is monitored, throughout the typical cell cycle process. [7]
In particular, telomere-binding protein refers to TTAGGG repeat binding factor-1 and TTAGGG repeat binding factor-2 . [1] Telomere sequences in humans are composed of TTAGGG sequences which provide protection and replication of chromosome ends to prevent degradation. Telomere-binding proteins can generate a T-loop to protect chromosome ends. [2]
Telomeric repeat–containing RNA (TERRA) is a long non-coding RNA transcribed from telomeres - repetitive nucleotide regions found on the ends of chromosomes that function to protect DNA from deterioration or fusion with neighboring chromosomes. TERRA has been shown to be ubiquitously expressed in almost all cell types containing linear ...
Telomeric repeat-binding factor 2-interacting protein 1 also known as repressor activator protein 1 (Rap1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TERF2IP gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Interactions
Eukaryotic telomeres normally terminate with 3′ single-stranded-DNA overhang ranging from 75 to 300 bases, which is essential for telomere maintenance and capping. Multiple proteins binding single- and double-stranded telomere DNA have been identified. [25] These function in both telomere maintenance and capping.
Terminal restriction fragments, used in measuring telomere length; Thyrotropin-releasing factor, a peptide hormone secreted by the hypothalamus; Time-restricted feeding, a type of intermittent fasting; Transfer RNA-derived fragment; TERF1, Telomeric repeat-binding factor 1 (also known as TRF1)
The enzyme consists of a protein component with reverse transcriptase activity, encoded by this gene, and an RNA component that serves as a template for the telomere repeat. Telomerase expression plays a role in cellular senescence, as it is normally repressed in postnatal somatic cells , resulting in progressive shortening of telomeres.