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Microsoft released BitLocker Countermeasures [3] defining protection schemes for Windows. For mobile devices that can be stolen and attackers gain permanent physical access (paragraph Attacker with skill and lengthy physical access) Microsoft advise the use of pre-boot authentication and to disable standby power management.
For Data at Rest protection a computer or laptop is simply powered off. The disk now self-protects all the data on it. The data is safe because all of it, even the OS, is now encrypted, with a secure mode of AES, and locked from reading and writing. The drive requires an authentication code which can be as strong as 32 bytes (2^256) to unlock.
BitLocker originated as a part of Microsoft's Next-Generation Secure Computing Base architecture in 2004 as a feature tentatively codenamed "Cornerstone" [4] [5] and was designed to protect information on devices, particularly if a device was lost or stolen.
Challenge–response password recovery mechanism allows the password to be recovered in a secure manner. It is offered by a limited number of disk encryption solutions. Some benefits of challenge–response password recovery: No need for the user to carry a disc with recovery encryption key. No secret data is exchanged during the recovery process.
FREE CompuSec CE-Infosys 2002 Proprietary: Yes FreeOTFE: Sarah Dean 2004-10-10 [18] Open source: No GBDE: Poul-Henning Kamp: 2002-10-19 [19] BSD: No GELI: Pawel Jakub Dawidek 2005-04-11 [20] BSD: Yes GnuPG: Werner Koch: 1999-09-07 [21] GPL: Yes gocryptfs Jakob Unterwurzacher 2015-10-07 [22] MIT / X Consortium License: Yes Knox AgileBits 2010 ...
Disk encryption is a special case of data at rest protection when the storage medium is a sector-addressable device (e.g., a hard disk). This article presents cryptographic aspects of the problem.
The Encrypting File System (EFS) on Microsoft Windows is a feature introduced in version 3.0 of NTFS [1] that provides filesystem-level encryption.The technology enables files to be transparently encrypted to protect confidential data from attackers with physical access to the computer.
The Security Account Manager (SAM) is a database file [1] in Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, 8.1, 10 and 11 that stores users' passwords. It can be used to authenticate local and remote users.