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The calcarine sulcus (or calcarine fissure) is an anatomical landmark located at the caudal end of the medial surface of the brain of humans and other primates. Its name comes from the Latin "calcar" meaning "spur". It is very deep, and known as a complete sulcus.
The calcar avis, (calcarine spur) previously known as the hippocampus minor, [1] is an involution of the wall of the lateral ventricle's posterior cornu produced by the calcarine fissure. [ 2 ] It is sometimes visible on ultrasonogram [ 3 ] and can resemble a clot .
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Projects to the upper bank of the calcarine fissure, called the cuneus; Contains input from the superior retinal quadrants, which represents the inferior visual field quadrants; Transection causes contralateral lower quadrantanopia; Lesions that involve both cunei cause a lower altitudinal hemianopia (altitudinopia) The lower division:
In neuroanatomy, a sulcus (Latin: "furrow"; pl.: sulci) is a shallow depression or groove in the cerebral cortex.One or more sulci surround a gyrus (pl. gyri), a ridge on the surface of the cortex, creating the characteristic folded appearance of the brain in humans and most other mammals.
(The red color shows the posterior cingulate and its connections.). The precuneus is located on the inside between the two cerebral hemispheres in the rear region between the somatosensory cortex and forward of the cuneus (which contains the visual cortex).
The line of Gennari (also called the "band" or "stria" of Gennari) is a band of myelinated axons that runs parallel to the surface of the cerebral cortex on the banks of the calcarine fissure in the occipital lobe.
Lesions to V1, for example, can cause blindsight in different areas of the brain depending on the size of the lesion and location relative to the calcarine fissure. [12] Lesions to V4 can cause color-blindness , [ 13 ] and bilateral lesions to MT/V5 can cause the loss of the ability to perceive motion.