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This is an arch built across each corner of the square, thereby converting it into an octagon on which it is simple to place the dome. The dome chamber in the palace of Firouzabad is the earliest surviving example of the use of the squinch and so there is good reason for regarding Persia as its place of invention.
default conversion combinations SI: square kilometre: km2 Q712226: km 2: US spelling: square kilometer: 1.0 km 2 (0.39 sq mi) km2 sqmi; square hectometre: hm2 Q35852: hm 2: US spelling: square hectometer: 1.0 hm 2 (2.5 acres) square decametre: dam2 Q23931040: dam 2: US spelling: square dekameter: 1.0 dam 2 (1,100 sq ft) square metre: m2 Q25343 ...
A slant created by cutting a wall around an opening such that the inside of the opening is wider or narrower than the outside. [84] Springer The lowest voussoir on each side of an arch. Squinch A piece of construction used for filling in the upper angles of a square room so as to form a proper base to receive an octagonal or spherical dome. Squint
Catenary arch - A vault may take the shape of an inverted catenary. Cloister vault – A dome-like vault having a square or polygonal base from which curved segments rise to a central point. Corbel vault – A concave formation of blocks, usually stone or masonry; the vault is formed by blocks as they project inward from the layer on which they ...
An alternative approach to the structural problem of translating square space to round superstructure is the pendentive, much used in late Roman Empire and Byzantine architecture. [6] Domes built in the Roman-influenced world utilised separately-evolved construction methods. [4] [7] Squinch in the Palace of Ardashir in Fars province, Iran
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Square-topped windows are often set in groups, with two or three beneath a single lintel. Round-topped windows are often paired under a wide arch, and separated by stone mullions or colonnettes. In Sicily there are a number of palaces and churches where the pointed arch is used during this period, apparently adopted from Islamic architecture.
Gibbs surround is named after the architect James Gibbs, who often used it and popularized it in England, for example at St Martin-in-the-Fields in London. Here the side doors have surrounds with all the details including pediments, while the round-topped windows along the sides have Gibbs surrounds if the broadest definition is used.