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In mathematics, a relation denotes some kind of relationship between two objects in a set, which may or may not hold. [1] As an example, " is less than " is a relation on the set of natural numbers ; it holds, for instance, between the values 1 and 3 (denoted as 1 < 3 ), and likewise between 3 and 4 (denoted as 3 < 4 ), but not between the ...
A mathematical symbol is a figure or a combination of figures that is used to represent a mathematical object, an action on mathematical objects, a relation between mathematical objects, or for structuring the other symbols that occur in a formula.
The bottom type in type theory, which is the bottom element in the subtype relation. This may coincide with the empty type , which represents absurdum under the Curry–Howard correspondence The "undefined value" in quantum physics interpretations that reject counterfactual definiteness , as in ( r 0 ,⊥)
Depending on authors, the term "maps" or the term "functions" may be reserved for specific kinds of functions or morphisms (e.g., function as an analytic term and map as a general term). mathematics See mathematics. multivalued A "multivalued function” from a set A to a set B is a function from A to the subsets of B.
In subtyping systems, the bottom type is a subtype of all types. [1] It is dual to the top type, which spans all possible values in a system. If a type system is sound, the bottom type is uninhabited and a term of bottom type represents a logical contradiction
Domain-specific terms must be recategorized into the corresponding mathematical domain. If the domain is unclear, but reasonably believed to exist, it is better to put the page into the root category:mathematics, where it will have a better chance of spotting and classification. See also: Glossary of mathematics
In constructive mathematics, "not empty" and "inhabited" are not equivalent: every inhabited set is not empty but the converse is not always guaranteed; that is, in constructive mathematics, a set that is not empty (where by definition, "is empty" means that the statement () is true) might not have an inhabitant (which is an such that ).
A term's definition may require additional properties that are not listed in this table. In mathematics , a binary relation R is called well-founded (or wellfounded or foundational [ 1 ] ) on a set or, more generally, a class X if every non-empty subset S ⊆ X has a minimal element with respect to R ; that is, there exists an m ∈ S such that ...