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  2. Ardhanarishvara - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardhanarishvara

    The concept of Ardhanarishvara originated in Kushan and Greek cultures simultaneously; the iconography evolved in the Kushan era (30–375 CE), but was perfected in the Gupta era (320-600 CE). [ 15 ] [ 16 ] A mid-first century Kushan era stela in the Mathura Museum has a half-male, half-female image, along with three other figures identified ...

  3. Oesho - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oesho

    Connections to several contemporaneous deities worshipped by neighbouring cultures have been suggested. During the Kushan era, Oesho was often linked to the Hindu concept of Ishvara, which was embodied by the god Shiva; [3] Oesho may share the same etymology as Ishvara and/or represent a variant of the word in the Bactrian language spoken by the Kushans.

  4. Kushan art - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kushan_art

    Kushan art, the art of the Kushan Empire in northern India, flourished between the 1st and the 4th century CE. It blended the traditions of the Greco-Buddhist art of Gandhara , influenced by Hellenistic artistic canons, and the more Indian art of Mathura . [ 2 ]

  5. Shiva - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva

    Numismatics research suggests that numerous coins of the ancient Kushan Empire (30–375 CE) that have survived, were images of a god who is probably Shiva. [135] The Shiva in Kushan coins is referred to as Oesho of unclear etymology and origins, but the simultaneous presence of Indra and Shiva in the Kushan era artwork suggest that they were ...

  6. Vasudeva I - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasudeva_I

    He is the last Kushan ruler to be mentioned in Chinese sources. [4] His rule corresponds to the retreat of Chinese power from Central Asia, and it is thought that Vasudeva may have filled the power vacuum in that area. [4] The great expansion of the Dharmaguptaka Buddhist group in Central Asia during this period has also been related to this event.

  7. Kushan Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kushan_Empire

    The Kushan Empire (c. 30 –c. 375 AD) [a] was a syncretic empire formed by the Yuezhi in the Bactrian territories in the early 1st century. It spread to encompass much of what is now Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Eastern Iran and Northern India, [16] [17] [18] at least as far as Saketa and Sarnath, near Varanasi, where inscriptions have been found dating to the era of the ...

  8. Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kushano-Sasanian_Kingdom

    Rev: Shiva with Nandi in Kushan style. Coins depicting Shiva and Nandi have been discovered, indicating a strong influence of Shaivism. [citation needed] The prophet Mani (210–276), founder of Manichaeism, followed the Sasanian expansion to the east, which exposed him to the thriving Buddhist culture of Gandhara.

  9. Gandharan Buddhism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gandharan_Buddhism

    The Buddhas of Bamiyan, an example of late Gandhāran Buddhist monumental sculpture. Topographic map of the region showing major Gandhāran and Bactrian sites The Dharmarajika Stupa and ruins of surrounding monasteries Kushan territories (full line) and maximum extent of Kushan dominions under Kanishka the Great (dotted line), which saw the height of Gandhāran Buddhist expansion.