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  2. Consequence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consequence

    Logical consequence, also known as a consequence relation, or entailment Consequent , in logic, the second half of a hypothetical proposition or consequences Consequentialism , a theory in philosophy in which the morality of an act is determined by its effects

  3. Unintended consequences - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unintended_consequences

    An erosion gully in Australia caused by rabbits, an unintended consequence of their introduction as game animals. In the social sciences, unintended consequences (sometimes unanticipated consequences or unforeseen consequences, more colloquially called knock-on effects) are outcomes of a purposeful action that are not intended or foreseen.

  4. Logical consequence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_consequence

    Logical consequence (also entailment or logical implication) is a fundamental concept in logic which describes the relationship between statements that hold true when one statement logically follows from one or more statements.

  5. Collateral consequence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collateral_consequence

    Collateral consequences, in this example, are related to the economic concept of externalities. The distinction between direct and collateral consequences is perhaps most important in the area of criminal law and sentencing, where an effort to take the collateral consequences of criminal charges into account when meting out punishment is underway.

  6. Consequentialism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consequentialism

    The normative status of an action depends on its consequences according to consequentialism. The consequences of the actions of an agent may include other actions by this agent. Actualism and possibilism disagree on how later possible actions impact the normative status of the current action by the same agent.

  7. Risk - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk

    Firefighters are exposed to risks of fire and building collapse during their work.. In simple terms, risk is the possibility of something bad happening. [1] Risk involves uncertainty about the effects/implications of an activity with respect to something that humans value (such as health, well-being, wealth, property or the environment), often focusing on negative, undesirable consequences. [2]

  8. Cascade effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascade_effect

    fault tree. A cascade effect is an inevitable and sometimes unforeseen chain of events due to an act affecting a system. [1] If there is a possibility that the cascade effect will have a negative impact on the system, it is possible to analyze the effects with a consequence / impact analysis.

  9. Inference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inference

    The validity of an inference depends on the form of the inference. That is, the word "valid" does not refer to the truth of the premises or the conclusion, but rather to the form of the inference. An inference can be valid even if the parts are false, and can be invalid even if some parts are true.