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The boundary layer thickness, , is the distance normal to the wall to a point where the flow velocity has essentially reached the 'asymptotic' velocity, .Prior to the development of the Moment Method, the lack of an obvious method of defining the boundary layer thickness led much of the flow community in the later half of the 1900s to adopt the location , denoted as and given by
The Womersley number ( or ) is a dimensionless number in biofluid mechanics and biofluid dynamics. It is a dimensionless expression of the pulsatile flow frequency in relation to viscous effects. It is named after John R. Womersley (1907–1958) for his work with blood flow in arteries. [1] The Womersley number is important in keeping dynamic ...
The thermal boundary layer thickness is customarily defined as the point in the boundary layer, , where the temperature reaches 99% of the free stream value : such that = 0.99. at a position along the wall. In a real fluid, this quantity can be estimated by measuring the temperature profile at a position along the wall.
Pulsatile flow. In fluid dynamics, a flow with periodic variations is known as pulsatile flow, or as Womersley flow. The flow profiles was first derived by John R. Womersley (1907–1958) in his work with blood flow in arteries. [1] The cardiovascular system of chordate animals is a very good example where pulsatile flow is found, but pulsatile ...
The boundary layer around a human hand, schlieren photograph. The boundary layer is the bright-green border, most visible on the back of the hand (click for high-res image). In physics and fluid mechanics, a boundary layer is the thin layer of fluid in the immediate vicinity of a bounding surface formed by the fluid flowing along the surface.
A schematic diagram of the Blasius flow profile. The streamwise velocity component () / is shown, as a function of the similarity variable .. Using scaling arguments, Ludwig Prandtl [1] argued that about half of the terms in the Navier-Stokes equations are negligible in boundary layer flows (except in a small region near the leading edge of the plate).
Consequently thermal boundary layer is much thicker for liquid metals and much thinner for oils relative to the velocity boundary layer. In heat transfer problems, the Prandtl number controls the relative thickness of the momentum and thermal boundary layers.
Lipid bilayer mechanics is the study of the physical material properties of lipid bilayers, classifying bilayer behavior with stress and strain rather than biochemical interactions. Local point deformations such as membrane protein interactions are typically modelled with the complex theory of biological liquid crystals but the mechanical ...