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How it works. Water utilities pipe water from its source to a water treatment plant, which cleans water to make it safe to drink. Water utilities often use a series of water treatment steps that include coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection.
Reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) are membrane separation processes that physically remove contaminants from water. These processes force water at high pressure through semi-permeable membranes that prevent the passage of various substances depending on their molecular weight.
Water treatment is the process of removing all those substances, whether biological, chemical, or physical, that are potentially harmful to the water supply for human and domestic use. This treatment helps to produce water that is safe, palatable, clear, colorless, and odorless.
Water treatment refers to the process of improving the quality of water with the purpose of serving an end-use. The most common end-uses include drinking water, industrial water supply, water recreation, and for replenishing environmental sources, such as rivers and lakes.
In public water treatment, the initial process starts with locating and accessing suitable bodies of water—whether surface waters like rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, or underground aquifers reached through wells—that are adequate enough to supply the hefty water demands of a municipality.
Water treatment is used to optimize most water-based industrial processes, such as heating, cooling, processing, cleaning, and rinsing so that operating costs and risks are reduced. Poor water treatment lets water interact with the surfaces of pipes and vessels which contain it.
Water purification, process by which undesired chemical compounds, organic and inorganic materials, and biological contaminants are removed from water. Water purification provides clean drinking water and supplies treated water for domestic, industrial, medical, and pharmacological uses.
What is the Conventional Method to Treat Water? Many water treatment plants use a combination of coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection to provide clean, safe drinking water to the public.
The steps of water treatment. The first step is usually to add coagulants (Koh-AG-yu-lunts). These are chemicals that cause those solid bits to clump together. Even if those solids didn’t hurt you, they could cloud water and give it a funny taste. By making these bits clump, they become bigger — and easier to remove.
Conventional treatment processes for drinking water include coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, adsorption, and disinfection, which are physical-chemical processes that remove turbidity, organic matter, heavy metal, and pathogens [31, 32, 33, 34].