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Jewish leaders carefully planned the second revolt to avoid the numerous mistakes that had plagued the first First Jewish–Roman War 60 years earlier. [51] In 132, the revolt, led by Simon bar Kokhba and Elasar, quickly spread from Modi'in across the country, cutting off the Roman garrison in Jerusalem. [9]
The Bar Kokhba revolt (132–136, [37] Hebrew: מרד בר כוכבא) was the third major and final rebellion of the Jewish–Roman wars. The establishment of Roman colony Aelia Capitolina on the ruins of Jerusalem as well as the prohibition of circumcision by Hadrian , are the most likely causes which sparked the uprising.
During the revolt, the Jewish sage Rabbi Akiva regarded Simon as the Jewish messiah; the Talmud records his statement that the Star Prophecy verse from Numbers 24:17: [10] "There shall come a star out of Jacob," [11] referred to him, based on identification of the Hebrew word for star, kokhav, and his name, bar Kozeva.
The revolt lasted for three years, and initially the rebels achieved great success, even gaining the support of the sages of the generation, led by Rabbi Akiva. As time passed, the revolt was crushed. Hundreds of thousands of Jews were killed, and the Jewish community in the Land of Israel was destroyed.
Bar Kokhba revolt (132–135/136) – traditionalist Jewish revolt against Rome [9] Year of the Five Emperors (193–197): Roman war of succession between the generals Septimius Severus , Pescennius Niger and Clodius Albinus following the assassination of Commodus (AD 192) and the subsequent murders of Pertinax and Didius Julianus (AD 193).
The Second Jewish Revolt can refer to the following: A phase of the Jewish–Roman wars. the Diaspora revolt; the Bar Kokhba revolt;
The failure of the First Jewish Revolt eventually led to two subsequent Jewish uprisings against Rome: the Diaspora Revolt and the Bar Kokhba Revolt in Judaea, both of which ended in catastrophic failure. The Diaspora Revolt, which erupted between 115 and 117 CE, was driven by messianic expectations and the local tensions and violence ...
Legio XXII Deiotariana ("Deiotarus' Twenty-Second Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army, founded ca. 48 BC and disbanded or destroyed during the Bar Kokhba revolt of 132–136. Its cognomen comes from Deiotarus, a Celtic king of Galatia. Its emblem is unknown.