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Australia is the driest inhabited continent; its annual rainfall averaged over continental area is less than 500 mm. [176] The population density is 3.4 inhabitants per square kilometre, although the large majority of the population lives along the temperate south-eastern coastline.
1911 – The state of South Australia transfers control of northern central mainland Australia to the federal government, creating the Northern Territory. A small pocket of New South Wales around the city of Canberra is transferred to the federal government (who are seated within it), creating the Federal Capital Territory.
Mainland Australia is the main landmass of the Australian continent, excluding the Aru Islands, New Guinea, Tasmania, and other Australian offshore islands.The landmass also constitutes the mainland of the territory governed by the Commonwealth of Australia, and the term, along with continental Australia, can be used in a geographic sense to exclude surrounding continental islands and external ...
Western Australia is the largest state, covering just under one third of the Australian landmass, followed by Queensland, South Australia, and New South Wales. Australia also has several minor territories; the federal government administers a separate area within New South Wales, the Jervis Bay Territory , as a naval base and seaport for the ...
Australia's population has grown from an estimated population of between 300,000 and 2,400,000 Indigenous Australians at the time of British colonisation in 1788 due to numerous waves of immigration during the period since. Also due to immigration, the European component's share of the population rose sharply in the late 18th and 19th centuries ...
Urban SA1s have a population density of more than 200 inhabitants per square kilometre (520/sq mi), or built infrastructure and other land uses surrounded by urban area. Rural SA1s have less than 200 inhabitants per square kilometre (520/sq mi), or contain other rural or natural areas, and are generally internally connected by road transport.
The administrative area covered by local government councils in Australia ranges from as small as 1.5 km 2 (0.58 sq mi) for the Shire of Peppermint Grove in the Perth metropolitan region, to as big as 624,339 km 2 (241,059 sq mi) for the Pastoral Unincorporated Area in South Australia.
Dymaxion map of the world with the 30 largest countries and territories by area This is a list of the world's countries and their dependencies , ranked by total area, including land and water. This list includes entries that are not limited to those in the ISO 3166-1 standard, which covers sovereign states and dependent territories .