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ligand binding – Not only is ligand binding able to influence where a transcription factor is located within a cell but ligand binding can also affect whether the transcription factor is in an active state and capable of binding DNA or other cofactors (see, for example, nuclear receptors).
The extra domains often regulate the activity of the DNA-binding domain. The function of DNA binding is either structural or involves transcription regulation, with the two roles sometimes overlapping. [citation needed] DNA-binding domains with functions involving DNA structure have biological roles in DNA replication, repair, storage, and ...
DNA contacts of different types of DNA-binding domains from transcription factors. In contrast, other proteins have evolved to bind to specific DNA sequences. The most intensively studied of these are the various transcription factors, which are proteins that regulate transcription. Each transcription factor binds to one specific set of DNA ...
One part of the domain contains a region that mediates sequence specific DNA binding properties and the leucine zipper that is required to hold together (dimerize) two DNA binding regions. The DNA binding region comprises a number of basic amino acids such as arginine and lysine. Proteins containing this domain are transcription factors. [1] [2]
It is the H3 helix that enables TEAD proteins to bind DNA. [12] Another conserved domain of TEAD1 is located at the C terminus of the protein. It allows the binding of cofactors and has been called the YAP1 binding domain, because it is its ability to bind this well-known TEAD proteins co-factor that led to its identification. Indeed, TEAD ...
As well as DNA-binding functions, evidence suggests that the ETS domain is also involved in protein-protein interactions. There is limited similarity outside the ETS DNA binding domain. Other domains are also present and vary from ETS member to ETS member, including the Pointed domain, a subclass of the SAM domain family.
The B3 DNA binding domain (DBD) is a highly conserved domain found exclusively in transcription factors (≥40 species) (Pfam PF02362) combined with other domains (InterPro: IPR003340). It consists of 100-120 residues, includes seven beta strands and two alpha helices that form a DNA-binding pseudobarrel protein fold ( SCOP 117343 ); it ...
DNA binding sites are distinct from other binding sites in that (1) they are part of a DNA sequence (e.g. a genome) and (2) they are bound by DNA-binding proteins. DNA binding sites are often associated with specialized proteins known as transcription factors , and are thus linked to transcriptional regulation .