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Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) [1] is a method for cleaning out tooth decay (dental caries) from teeth using only hand instruments (dental hatchet and spoon-excavator) and placing a filling. It does not use rotary dental instruments (dental drills) to prepare the tooth and can be performed in settings with no access to dental equipment.
It is typically caused by a basilar skull fracture, which presents complications such as infection. It may be diagnosed using brain scans (prompted based on initial symptoms), and by testing to see if discharge from the nose is cerebrospinal fluid. Treatment may be conservative (as many cases resolve spontaneously), but usually involves ...
Compomers may be used as a cavity lining material and a restorative material for non-load bearing cavities. [15] [16] In Paediatric dentistry, they can also be used as a fissure sealant material. [17] The luting version of compomer may be used to cement cast alloy and ceramic-metal restorations, and to cement orthodontic bands in Paediatric ...
Therefore, the formation of cavities can be a result of hemorrhages which promote cerebral degeneration. [10] In a mouse model, mouse with COL4A1 mutations displayed cerebral hemorrhage , porencephaly, and abnormal development of vascular basement membranes, such as uneven edges, inconsistent shapes, and highly variable thickness. [ 6 ]
Enamel hypoplasia is a risk factor for dental caries in children including early childhood caries (ECC), which continues to be a burden for many children. This association has been identified as significant and independent, and is believed that the formation of pits and missing enamel provides a suitable local environment for adhesion and ...
Childhood dementia is very often diagnosed late, misdiagnosed, or not diagnosed at all. [9] A correct diagnosis happens, on average, 2 years or more after symptoms become apparent. Additionally, children affected by childhood dementia are often misdiagnosed with: Autism [16] [9] [17] Developmental or intellectual delay [16] [9] ADHD [9] Others [9]
Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a type of enamel defect affecting, as the name suggests, the first molars and incisors in the permanent dentition. [1] MIH is considered a worldwide problem with a global prevalence of 12.9% and is usually identified in children under 10 years old. [2]
This results in painful swelling at the sides of the mouth in both adults and children, which leads to a sore throat, and occasionally pain in chewing. [21] The infection is quite contagious. Mumps is prevented through vaccination in infancy with the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination and subsequent boosters.