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When used as an additive in lubricating oils and motor fuels, they can have a substantial effect on the properties of the oil or fuel. [3] [4] Polyisobutylene added in small amounts to the lubricating oils used in machining results in a significant reduction in the generation of oil mist and thus reduces the operator's inhalation of oil mist. [5]
Polyisobutene (polyisobutylene) is a class of organic polymers prepared by polymerization of isobutene. The polymers often have the formula Me 3 C[CH 2 CMe 2] n H (Me = CH 3). They are typically colorless gummy solids. Cationic polymerization, initiated with a strong Brønsted or Lewis acid, is the typical method for its production.
Polybutene is an organic polymer made from a mixture of 1-butene, 2-butene, and isobutylene.Ethylene steam cracker C4s are also used as supplemental feed for polybutene. It is similar to polyisobutylene (PIB), which is produced from essentially pure isobutylene made in a C4 complex of a major refinery.
Isobutylene is used in the production of a variety of products. It is alkylated with butane to produce isooctane or dimerized to diisobutylene (DIB) and then hydrogenated to make isooctane, a fuel additive. Isobutylene is also used in the production of methacrolein. Polymerization of isobutylene produces butyl rubber (polyisobutylene or PIB).
It is also used synergistically as a blend element to modify the characteristics of other polyolefins like polypropylene and polyethylene. Because of its specific properties it is mainly used in pressure piping, flexible packaging, water heaters, compounding and hot melt adhesives.
Polyolefin elastomer POE is used as a main ingredient in the molded flexible foam technology such as in the fabrication of self skinned footwear (for example, Crocs shoes), seat cushions, arm rests, spa pillows, etc. Hydrogenated polyalphaolefin (PAO) is used as a radar coolant. Head makes polyolefin tennis racket strings.
Polyisobuteneamine (PIBA) is a polymer derived from the reaction of polyisobutylene (PIB) with ammonia or primary amines. This polymeric compound is known for its excellent adhesive and dispersant properties and is commonly used as an additive in lubricants, fuel, and other industrial applications.
These polymers are used to make uncrosslinked rubber products and are additives for certain thermoplastics. Another characteristic of high molecular weight PIB is its low toxicity which allows it to be used as a base for chewing gum. The main chemical companies that produce polyisobutylene are Esso, ExxonMobil, and BASF. [14] Butyl rubber gloves