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Management of tuberculosis refers to techniques and procedures utilized for treating tuberculosis (TB), or simply a treatment plan for TB.. The medical standard for active TB is a short course treatment involving a combination of isoniazid, rifampicin (also known as Rifampin), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for the first two months.
If effective treatment is not given, the death rate for active TB cases is up to 66%. [74] Microscopy of tuberculous epididymitis. H&E stain. TB infection begins when the mycobacteria reach the alveolar air sacs of the lungs, where they invade and replicate within endosomes of alveolar macrophages.
MDR-TB most commonly develops in the course of TB treatment, [5] and is most commonly due to doctors giving inappropriate treatment, or patients missing doses or failing to complete their treatment. Because MDR tuberculosis is an airborne pathogen, persons with active, pulmonary tuberculosis caused by a multidrug-resistant strain can transmit ...
As such, a person diagnosed with latent TB can safely assume that, even after treatment, they will carry the bacteria – likely for the rest of their lives. Furthermore, "It has been estimated that up to one-third of the world's population is infected with M. tuberculosis , and this population is an important reservoir for disease reactivation."
Common radiological findings after TB include lesions to the airway, such as obstructive lung disease and bronchiectasis, lesions to the parenchyma, such as calcification, fibrosis, and Aspergillosis, chronic pleural disease, pulmonary hypertension, and other findings. [5]
“The patient and her family gave us permission to share this update,” the local health department reported Monday.
The principles of treatment for MDR-TB and for XDR-TB are the same. Second-line drugs are more toxic than the standard anti-TB regimen and can cause a range of serious side-effects including hepatitis, depression, hallucinations, and deafness. [14] Patients are often hospitalized for long periods, in isolation.
TDR-TB is relatively poorly documented, as many countries do not test patient samples against a broad enough range of drugs to diagnose such a comprehensive array of resistance. The United Nations ' Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases has set up the TDR Tuberculosis Specimen Bank to archive specimens of TDR-TB.