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  2. Bathtub curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathtub_curve

    The bathtub curve is a particular shape of a failure rate graph. This graph is used in reliability engineering and deterioration modeling. The 'bathtub' refers to the shape of a line that curves up at both ends, similar in shape to a bathtub. The bathtub curve has 3 regions: The first region has a decreasing failure rate due to early failures.

  3. Time-dependent gate oxide breakdown - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-dependent_gate_oxide...

    The failure types for integrated circuit (IC) components follow the classic bath tub curve. There is infant mortality, which is decreasing failure rate typically due to manufacturing defects. A low constant failure rate which is random in nature. Wear out failures are increasing failures due to aging semiconductor degradation mechanisms.

  4. Failure rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure_rate

    A concept closely-related but different [2] to instantaneous failure rate () is the hazard rate (or hazard function), (). In the many-system case, this is defined as the proportional failure rate of the systems still functioning at time t {\displaystyle t} (as opposed to f ( t ) {\displaystyle f(t)} , which is the expressed as a proportion of ...

  5. Deterioration modeling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deterioration_modeling

    A well-known model to show the probability of failure of an asset throughout its life is called bathtub curve. This curve is made of three main stages: infant failure, constant failure, and wear out failure. In infrastructure asset management the dominant mode of deterioration is because of aging, traffic, and climatic attribute.

  6. Proportional hazards model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportional_hazards_model

    This means that, within the interval of study, company 5's risk of "death" is 0.33 ≈ 1/3 as large as company 2's risk of death. There are important caveats to mention about the interpretation: The hazard ratio is the quantity exp ⁡ ( β 1 ) {\displaystyle \exp(\beta _{1})} , which is exp ⁡ ( − 0.34 ) = 0.71 {\displaystyle \exp(-0.34)=0. ...

  7. Force of mortality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_of_mortality

    The force of mortality () can be interpreted as the conditional density of failure at age x, while f(x) is the unconditional density of failure at age x. [1] The unconditional density of failure at age x is the product of the probability of survival to age x , and the conditional density of failure at age x , given survival to age x .

  8. Infant mortality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infant_mortality

    The occurrence of infant mortality in a population can be described by the infant mortality rate (IMR), which is the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births. [1] Similarly, the child mortality rate , also known as the under-five mortality rate, compares the death rate of children up to the age of five.

  9. Tetramethylbutane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetramethylbutane

    Tetramethylbutane, sometimes called hexamethylethane, is a hydrocarbon with formula C 8 H 18 or (H 3 C-) 3 C-C(-CH 3) 3. It is the most heavily branched and most compact of the octane isomers, the only one with a butane (C4) backbone. Because of its highly symmetrical structure, it has a very high melting point and a short liquid range; in fact ...