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Interleukin 13 (IL-13) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL13 gene. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] IL-13 was first cloned in 1993 and is located on chromosome 5q31.1 with a length of 1.4kb. [ 4 ] It has a mass of 13 kDa and folds into 4 alpha helical bundles. [ 7 ]
The term interleukin derives from (inter-) "as a means of communication", and (-leukin) "deriving from the fact that many of these proteins are produced by leukocytes and act on leukocytes". The name is something of a relic; it has since been found that interleukins are produced by a wide variety of body cells.
An inflammatory cytokine is a type of cytokine (a signaling molecule) that is secreted from immune cells and certain other cell types that promotes inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines are predominantly produced by T helper cells (T h) and macrophages and involved in the upregulation of inflammatory reactions. [1]
The term interleukin was initially used by researchers for those cytokines whose presumed targets are principally white blood cells (leukocytes). It is now used largely for designation of newer cytokine molecules and bears little relation to their presumed function.
The interleukin-13 receptor is a type I cytokine receptor, binding Interleukin-13. It consists of two subunits, encoded by IL13RA1 and IL4R, respectively. [1] [2] These two genes encode the proteins IL-13Rα1 and IL-4Rα. These form a dimer with IL-13 binding to the IL-13Rα1 chain and IL-4Rα stabilises this interaction.
Interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2 (IL-13Rα2), also known as CD213A2 (cluster of differentiation 213A2), is a membrane bound protein that in humans is encoded by the IL13RA2 gene. [ 5 ] Function
Here are the nutrients you will find in 1 tablespoon (13.5 grams) of olive oil: Calories: 119. Carbohydrates: 0 g. Dietary Fiber: 0 g. Total Sugar: 0 g. Added Sugar: 0 g. Protein: 0 g. Total Fat ...
Circulating lymphocytes can detect a very small concentration of lymphokine and then move up the concentration gradient towards where the immune response is required. Lymphokines aid B cells to produce antibodies. Important lymphokines secreted by the T helper cell include: [2] Interleukin 2; Interleukin 3; Interleukin 4; Interleukin 5 ...