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Conivaptan hydrochloride is an off-white or a pale yellow power with a solubility of 0.25 mg/mL in water at 23 °C. The injectable formulation consists of 20 mg conivaptan hydrochloride, 0.4 g ethanol, 1.2 g propylene glycol and water. [2]
Tolvaptan, sold under the brand name Samsca among others, is an aquaretic drug that functions as a selective, competitive vasopressin receptor 2 (V 2) antagonist used to treat hyponatremia (low blood sodium levels) associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).
The "vaptan" drugs act by directly blocking the action of vasopressin at its receptors (V 1A, V 1B and V 2).These receptors have a variety of functions, with the V 1A and V 2 receptors are expressed peripherally and involved in the modulation of blood pressure and kidney function respectively, while the V 1A and V 1B receptors are expressed in the central nervous system.
Tolvaptan phosphate is a drug used for the treatment of cardiac edema. It is a prodrug of tolvaptan , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] formulated as the salt tolvaptan sodium phosphate, for intravenous administration .
In clinical studies, tolvaptan showed a significant decrease in the rate of disease progression in patients with ADPKD, which led to regulatory approvals for tolvaptan as a treatment of ADPKD in many countries, including the U.S., the EU, Japan, Canada, Australia, and Korea, among others. [9]
Pharmaceutical companies are expanding their business with the aim to expand the export market. [2] In the period between July and February in the fiscal year 2024 to 2025, pharmaceutical export was $134.15 million, a 13% increase compared to the same period last year. [3] There are 5 types of medicine manufacturing companies in Bangladesh.
Khulna is Bangladesh's third-largest city, after Dhaka and Chittagong. It is in the southwestern part of the country, on the Rupsha and Bhairab Rivers . Even though the city corporation area is 45.65 square Kilometres, The total city area covers 150.57 square kilometres (58.14 sq mi), [ 10 ] and Khulna District covers 4,394.46 square kilometres ...
Before 1972, news agencies in Bangladesh were local branches of international agencies. Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha (BSS), the official government-owned news agency of Bangladesh, was created on 1 January 1972 from the Dhaka bureau of the state-owned.