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  2. Soil matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_matrix

    Soil particles can be classified by their chemical composition as well as their size. The particle size distribution of a soil, its texture, determines many of the properties of that soil, in particular hydraulic conductivity and water potential, [1] but the mineralogy of those particles can strongly modify those properties. The mineralogy of ...

  3. Hydrodynamical helicity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrodynamical_helicity

    Helicity is a pseudo-scalar quantity: it changes sign under change from a right-handed to a left-handed frame of reference; it can be considered as a measure of the handedness (or chirality) of the flow. Helicity is one of the four known integral invariants of the Euler equations; the other three are energy, momentum and angular momentum.

  4. Leaching model (soil) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaching_model_(soil)

    The leaching process in a salty soil to be reclaimed is illustrated in the leaching curves of figure 1, derived from data of the Chacupe pilot area, Peru. [2] It shows the soil salinity in terms of electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil solution with respect its initial value (ECi) as a function of amount of water percolating through the soil ...

  5. Soil consolidation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_consolidation

    The first modern theoretical models for soil consolidation were proposed in the 1920s by Terzaghi and Fillunger, according to two substantially different approaches. [1] The former was based on diffusion equations in eulerian notation, whereas the latter considered the local Newton’s law for both liquid and solid phases, in which main variables, such as partial pressure, porosity, local ...

  6. Void ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Void_ratio

    The opposite situation, i. e. when the void ratio is relatively small (dense soils), indicates that the volume of the soil is vulnerable to increase (swelling) under unloading – the smectite (montmorillonite, bentonite) partially dry clay particles present in an unsaturated soil can swell due to their hydration after contact with water (when ...

  7. Soil mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_mechanics

    A phase diagram of soil indicating the masses and volumes of air, solid, water, and voids. There are a variety of parameters used to describe the relative proportions of air, water and solid in a soil. This section defines these parameters and some of their interrelationships. [2] [6] The basic notation is as follows:

  8. Critical state soil mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_state_soil_mechanics

    It's the point at which the soil cannot sustain any additional load without undergoing continuous deformation, in a manner similar to the behaviour of fluids. Certain properties of the soil, like porosity, shear strength, and volume, reach characteristic values. These properties are intrinsic to the type of soil and its initial conditions. [1]

  9. Darcy's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darcy's_law

    Diagram showing definitions and directions for Darcy's law. A is the cross sectional area (m 2) of the cylinder. Q is the flow rate (m 3 /s) of the fluid flowing through the area A. The flux of fluid through A is q = Q/A. L is the length of the cylinder. Δp = p outlet - p inlet = p b - p a.

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