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Pancasila economics ( Indonesian: Ekonomi Pancasila ), also known as " Indonesian populist economics " ( Indonesian: Ekonomi kerakyatan Indonesia ), is an economic system which aims to reflect the five principles of Pancasila. [1] The term "Pancasila economy" first appeared in an article by Emil Salim in 1967. [2]
A mixed economy is an economic system that accepts both private businesses and nationalized government services, like public utilities, safety, military, welfare, and education. A mixed economy also promotes some form of regulation to protect the public, the environment, or the interests of the state. This is in contrast to a laissez faire ...
Horizontal mobility, which is a type of social mobility, refers to the change of physical space or profession without changes in the economic situation, prestige, and lifestyle of the individual, or the forward or backward movement from one similar group or status to another.
Economic mobility is the ability of an individual, family or some other group to improve (or lower) their economic status—usually measured in income. Economic mobility is often measured by movement between income quintiles. Economic mobility may be considered a type of social mobility, which is often measured in change in income.
Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the 14th-largest country by area, at 1,904,569 square kilometres (735,358 square miles). With over 280 million people, Indonesia is the world's fourth-most-populous country and the most populous Muslim-majority country.
Based on ethnic classification, the largest ethnic group in Indonesia is the Javanese who make up about 40% of the total population. The Javanese are concentrated on the island of Java, the world's most populous island, particularly in the central and eastern parts. It is also the largest ethnic group in Southeast Asia.
Marketing. Horizontal integration is the process of a company increasing production of goods or services at the same level of the value chain, in the same industry. A company may do this via internal expansion or through mergers and acquisitions. [ 1][ 2][ 3] The process can lead to monopoly if a company captures the vast majority of the market ...
The 1945 State Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia ( Indonesian: Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, commonly abbreviated as UUD 1945 or UUD '45) is the supreme law and basis for all laws of Indonesia . The constitution was written in June–August 1945, in the final months of the Japanese occupation of the Dutch ...