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Nystagmus as seen in a case of ocular albinism. The cause of pathological nystagmus may be congenital, idiopathic, or secondary to a pre-existing neurological disorder.It also may be induced temporarily by disorientation (such as on roller coaster rides or when a person has been spinning in circles) or by some drugs (alcohol, lidocaine, and other central nervous system depressants, inhalant ...
Sudden arrhythmic death syndrome ( SADS) is a sudden unexpected death of adolescents and adults caused by a cardiac arrest. However, the exact cause of the cardiac arrest, and thus the exact cause of death, is unknown. These deaths occur mainly during sleep or at rest. [ 6] One type of conduction defect known as Brugada syndrome can be ...
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Myasthenia Gravis. The one and a half syndrome is a rare weakness in eye movement affecting both eyes, in which one cannot move laterally at all, and the other can move only in outward direction. More formally, it is characterized by " a conjugate horizontal gaze palsy in one direction and an internuclear ...
Parinaud's syndrome is a constellation of neurological signs indicating injury to the dorsal midbrain. More specifically, compression of the vertical gaze center at the rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF). It is a group of abnormalities of eye movement and pupil dysfunction and is named for Henri Parinaud [ 6 ...
Frequency. 1 in 1,000–10,000. Sudden infant death syndrome ( SIDS ), sometimes known as cot death, is the sudden unexplained death of a child of less than one year of age. Diagnosis requires that the death remain unexplained even after a thorough autopsy and detailed death scene investigation. [ 2] SIDS usually occurs during sleep. [ 3]
Spinocerebellar ataxia ( SCA) is a progressive, degenerative, [ 1] genetic disease with multiple types, each of which could be considered a neurological condition in its own right. An estimated 150,000 people in the United States have a diagnosis of spinocerebellar ataxia at any given time. SCA is hereditary, progressive, degenerative, and ...
Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome ( GSS) is an extremely rare, always fatal (due to it being caused by prions) neurodegenerative disease that affects patients from 20 to 60 years in age. It is exclusively heritable, and is found in only a few families all over the world. [ 1] It is, however, classified with the transmissible ...
Vertigo. Vertigo is a condition in which a person has the sensation that they are moving, or that objects around them are moving, when they are not. [ 1] Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. [ 1][ 2] It may be associated with nausea, vomiting, perspiration, or difficulties walking. [ 2] It is typically worse when the head is ...