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Visual or vision impairment (VI or VIP) is the partial or total inability of visual perception.In the absence of treatment such as corrective eyewear, assistive devices, and medical treatment, visual impairment may cause the individual difficulties with normal daily tasks, including reading and walking. [6]
Vision rehabilitation (often called vision rehab) is a term for a medical rehabilitation to improve vision or low vision.In other words, it is the process of restoring functional ability and improving quality of life and independence in an individual who has lost visual function through illness or injury.
Low vision is both a subspeciality and a condition. Optometrists , Opticians and Ophthalmologists after their training may undergo further training in Low vision assessment and management. There are various classifications for low vision, this varies from country to country and even from state to state.
Cortical blindness-Cortical blindness is the total or partial loss of vision in a normal-appearing eye caused by damage to the brain's occipital cortex. [ 7 ] Retrobulbar neuritis - Retrobulbar neuritis cause of visual loss with normal fundus but there will be relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) and abnormal visually evoked responses .
The term neurological visual impairment (NVI) covers both CVI and total cortical blindness. Delayed visual maturation, another form of NVI, is similar to CVI, except the child's visual difficulties resolve in a few months. Though the vision of a person with CVI may change, it rarely if ever becomes totally normal.
A vision disorder is an impairment of the sense of vision. Vision disorder is not the same as an eye disease . Although many vision disorders do have their immediate cause in the eye, there are many other causes that may occur at other locations in the optic pathway.
The majority of patients will progress to legal blindness, which means that central reading vision will be lost. However, perimetry and microperimetry studies indicate that the peripheral light sensitivity is preserved over a long time in a significant fraction of all patients (i.e., >50%).
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