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BrainPort is a technology whereby sensory information can be sent to one's brain through an electrode array which sits atop the tongue. [1] It was initially developed by Paul Bach-y-Rita as an aid to people's sense of balance, particularly of stroke victims.
Aided communication methods can range from paper and pencil to communication books or boards to speech generating devices (SGDs) or devices producing written output. The elements of communication used in AAC include gestures, photographs, pictures, line drawings, letters and words, which can be used alone or in combination.
Level of communication Means of communication Presymbolic: Body and limb movements, gestures, vocalizations Concrete symbolic: Symbolic gestures and vocalizations, tangible symbols: objects (three-dimensional) and pictures (two-dimensional) Abstract symbolic: Speech, sign language, printed language, Braille, abstract shapes, abstract graphics
Alerting devices are assistive devices that connect with doorbells, telephones, and other alarming devices. These devices add a specific alarm based on one's disability. For instance, a deaf individual can have a doorbell that blinks a light instead of a noise to indicate someone is at the door.
Partner-assisted scanning is a technique used with children who have severe motor and communication impairments, and especially those with additional visual impairment, those who do not yet have an established alternative form of communication, or who are unable to use their usual method, perhaps because their electronic speech output device is being repaired. [3]
Protactile is described by Helen Keller Services for the Blind as "much more than a system of touch signals," instead "a philosophy and a movement which focuses on autonomy and equality for people who are deaf-blind." [5] In protactile, communication takes place by touch and movement focused primarily on the hands, wrist, elbow, arm, upper back ...
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In blind persons, it is seen that while they are only receiving tactile information, their visual cortex is also activated as they perceive sight objects. [9] Touch-to-touch sensory substitution is also possible, wherein information from touch receptors of one region of the body can be used to perceive touch in another region.