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  2. Spatial distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_distribution

    The spatial distribution of the population and development are closely related to each other, especially in the context of sustainability.The challenges related to the spatial spread of a population include: rapid urbanization and population concentration, rural population, urban management and poverty housing, displaced persons and refugees.

  3. Friction of distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friction_of_distance

    Spatial diffusion is the gradual spread of culture, ideas, and institutions across space over time, in which the desirability of one place adopting the traits of a separate place overcome the friction of distance. Time geography explores how human activity is affected by the constraints of movement, especially temporal costs. [11]

  4. Distance decay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distance_decay

    Distance decay is a geographical term which describes the effect of distance on cultural or spatial interactions. [1] The distance decay effect states that the interaction between two locales declines as the distance between them increases. Once the distance is outside of the two locales' activity space, their interactions begin to decrease.

  5. Tobler's first law of geography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobler's_first_law_of...

    Waldo Tobler in front of the Newberry Library. Chicago, November 2007. The First Law of Geography, according to Waldo Tobler, is "everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things." [1] This first law is the foundation of the fundamental concepts of spatial dependence and spatial autocorrelation and is utilized specifically for the inverse distance ...

  6. Human geography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_geography

    Original mapping by John Snow showing the clusters of cholera cases in the London epidemic of 1854, which is a classical case of using human geography. Human geography or anthropogeography is the branch of geography which studies spatial relationships between human communities, cultures, economies, and their interactions with the environment, examples of which include urban sprawl and urban ...

  7. Cartogram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartogram

    This is a type of contiguous cartogram that uses a single parametric mathematical formula (such as a polynomial curved surface) to distort space itself to equalize the spatial distribution of the chosen variable, rather than distorting the individual features.

  8. Disease diffusion mapping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease_diffusion_mapping

    Disease diffusion occurs when a disease is transmitted to a new location. [1] It implies that a disease spreads, or pours out, from a central source. [2] The idea of showing the spread of disease using a diffusion pattern is relatively modern, compared to earlier methods of mapping disease, which are still used today. [3]

  9. Spatial heterogeneity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_heterogeneity

    Spatial heterogeneity is a property generally ascribed to a landscape or to a population. ... [12] [13] [14] Often referred to as the second law of geography, ...