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This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Japanese on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Japanese in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
Rendaku (連濁, Japanese pronunciation:, lit. ' sequential voicing ') is a phenomenon affecting the pronunciation of compound words in Japanese.When rendaku occurs, a voiceless consonant (such as /t k s h/) is replaced with a voiced consonant (such as /d ɡ z b/) at the start of the second (or later) part of the compound.
The French schwa is ignored altogether: words are usually transcribed as if there were no schwa at all. For example, the word "le" is transcribed as ル ru, as is the single sound /l/ in "cheval" > シュヴァル shuvaru. French /w/ is typically transcribed as u, but the sequence /wa/ is as o-(w)a (e.g. ポアロ Po-a-ro "Poirot").
Vowels pronounced with the tongue lowered are at the bottom, and vowels pronounced with the tongue raised are at the top. For example, [ɑ] (the first vowel in father) is at the bottom because the tongue is lowered in this position. [i] (the vowel in "meet") is at the top because the sound is said with the tongue raised to the roof of the mouth.
The sound-symbolic words of Japanese can be classified into four main categories: [4] [5] Animate phonomime (擬声語, giseigo) words that mimic sounds made by living things, like a dog's bark (wan-wan). Inanimate phonomime (擬音語, giongo) words that mimic sounds made by inanimate objects, like wind blowing or rain falling (zā-zā).
Maekawa (2018) found that, as with the pronunciation of /z/ as [dz] vs. [z], the use of plosive vs. non-plosive realizations of /b, d, ɡ/ is closely correlated with the time available to a speaker to articulate the consonant, which is affected by speech rate as well as the identity of the preceding sound. [48]
It is an intuitive method of showing Anglophones the pronunciation of a word in Japanese. It was standardized in the United States as American National Standard System for the Romanization of Japanese (Modified Hepburn), but that status was abolished on October 6, 1994. Hepburn is the most common romanization system in use today, especially in ...
Most commonly, the change is a result of sound assimilation with an adjacent sound of opposite voicing, but it can also occur word-finally or in contact with a specific vowel. For example, the English suffix -s is pronounced [s] when it follows a voiceless phoneme (cats), and [z] when it follows a voiced phoneme (dogs). [1]