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Also called resource cost advantage. The ability of a party (whether an individual, firm, or country) to produce a greater quantity of a good, product, or service than competitors using the same amount of resources. absorption The total demand for all final marketed goods and services by all economic agents resident in an economy, regardless of the origin of the goods and services themselves ...
Non-financial assets, such as land and buildings, may also be included. For example, dictionary definitions of money include "wealth reckoned in terms of money" and "persons or interests possessing or controlling great wealth", [8] neither of which correspond to the economic definition.
A currency refers to money in any form when in actual use or circulation as a medium of exchange, especially circulating banknotes and coins. [1] [2] A more general definition is that a currency is a system of money (monetary units) in common use, especially in a nation. [3]
The alternative to a commodity money system is fiat money which is defined by a central bank and government law as legal tender even if it has no intrinsic value. Originally fiat money was paper currency or base metal coinage, but in modern economies it mainly exists as data such as bank balances and records of credit or debit card purchases, [3] and the fraction that exists as notes and coins ...
Monetary economics is the branch of economics that studies the different theories of money: it provides a framework for analyzing money and considers its functions ( as medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account), and it considers how money can gain acceptance purely because of its convenience as a public good. [1]
In monetary economics, inside money is money issued by private intermediaries (i.e., commercial banks) in the form of debt . [1] This money is typically in the form of demand deposits or other deposits and hence is part of the money supply. The money, which is an asset of the depositor but coincides with a liability of the bank, is inside money ...
Rate of return (RoR), also known as 'rate of profit' or sometimes just 'return', is the ratio of money gained or lost (whether realized or unrealized) on an investment relative to the amount of money invested; Return on assets (RoA) Return on brand (ROB) Return on capital employed (ROCE) Return on capital (RoC) Return on equity (ROE)
In mathematical economics it is a tradable economic entity in terms of whose price the relative prices of all other tradables are expressed. In a monetary economy , one of the functions of money is to act as the numéraire, i.e. to serve as a unit of account and therefore provide a common benchmark relative to which the value of various goods ...