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This announcement was known as "releasing the roll" ( 放榜 ). ( c. 1540, by Qiu Ying) The imperial examination ( Chinese: 科舉; pinyin: kējǔ; lit. "subject recommendation") was a civil service examination system in Imperial China administered for the purpose of selecting candidates for the state bureaucracy.
Scholar-official as a concept and social class first appeared during the Warring States period; before that, the Shi and Da Fu were two different classes. During the Western Zhou dynasty, the Duke of Zhou divided the social classes into the king, feudal lords, Da Fu, Shi, ordinary people, and slaves.
The Three Departments and Six Ministries ( Chinese: 三省六部; pinyin: Sān Shěng Liù Bù) system was the primary administrative structure in imperial China from the Sui dynasty (581–618) to the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368). It was also used by Balhae (698–926) and Goryeo (918–1392) and various other kingdoms in Manchuria, Korea and ...
Mandarin (bureaucrat) Three Ming Dynasty mandarins of varying ranks. A 15th-century portrait of the Ming official Jiang Shunfu. The cranes on his mandarin square indicate that he was a civil official of the sixth rank. Nguyễn Văn Tường ( chữ Hán: 阮文祥, 1824–1886) was a mandarin of the Nguyễn dynasty in Vietnam.
The "gentry", or " landed gentry " in China was the elite who held privileged status through passing the Imperial exams, which made them eligible to hold office. These literati, or scholar-officials, ( shenshi 紳士 or jinshen 縉紳), also called 士紳 shishen "scholar gentry" or 鄉紳 xiangshen "local gentry", held a virtual monopoly on ...
The imperial examination was a civil service examination system in Imperial China designed to select the best potential candidates to serve as administrative officials, for the purpose of recruiting them for the state's bureaucracy. With the avowed purpose of testing and selecting candidates for merit, the examination system markedly influenced ...
The Song dynasty ( / sʊŋ /) was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 960 to 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song, who usurped the throne of the Later Zhou dynasty and went on to conquer the rest of the Ten Kingdoms, ending the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. The Song often came into conflict with the ...
Juren. Juren ( Chinese: 舉人; lit. 'recommended man') was a rank achieved by people who passed the xiangshi ( Chinese: 鄉試) exam in the imperial examination system of imperial China. [1] The xiangshi is also known, in English, as the provincial examination. [1] It was a rank higher than the shengyuan rank, but lower than the jinshi rank ...