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Greenspun's tenth rule of programming is an aphorism in computer programming and especially programming language circles that states: [1] [2] Any sufficiently complicated C or Fortran program contains an ad hoc , informally-specified, bug -ridden, slow implementation of half of Common Lisp .
The first documented computer architecture was in the correspondence between Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace, describing the analytical engine.While building the computer Z1 in 1936, Konrad Zuse described in two patent applications for his future projects that machine instructions could be stored in the same storage used for data, i.e., the stored-program concept.
Each cache line is in one of the following states: "dirty" (has been updated by local processor), "valid", "invalid" or "shared". A cache line contains a value, and it can be read or written. Writing on a cache line changes the value. Each value is either in main memory (which is very slow to access), or in one or more local caches (which is fast).
Besides the files themselves, computer file systems take a portion of the space to store directory names and listings, file names, files' sector locations, attributes such as the date and time of the last modification and creation, how the files are fragmented, written and free parts of the space, and a journal on some file systems.
Distributed web crawling is a distributed computing technique whereby Internet search engines employ many computers to index the Internet via web crawling.Such systems may allow for users to voluntarily offer their own computing and bandwidth resources towards crawling web pages.
Minimal instruction set computer (MISC) is a central processing unit (CPU) architecture, usually in the form of a microprocessor, with a very small number of basic operations and corresponding opcodes, together forming an instruction set. Such sets are commonly stack-based rather than register-based to reduce the size of operand specifiers.
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Responsiveness as a concept of computer science refers to the specific ability of a system or functional unit to complete assigned tasks within a given time. [1] For example, it would refer to the ability of an artificial intelligence system to understand and carry out its tasks in a timely fashion.