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2. Prognosis marker - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prognosis_marker

   Prognostic markers are biomarkers used to measure the progress of a disease in the patient sample. [1] Prognostic markers are useful to stratify the patients into groups, guiding towards precise medicine discovery. The widely used prognostic markers in cancers include stage, size, grade, node and metastasis. In addition to these common markers ...

3. Cancer biomarker - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_biomarker

   Examples of such prognostic biomarkers include elevated levels of metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1), a marker associated with more aggressive forms of multiple myeloma, [24] elevated estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR) expression, markers associated with better overall survival in patients with breast cancer; [25] [26 ...

4. Biomarker - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomarker

   A prognostic biomarker provides information about the patients overall outcome, regardless of any treatment or therapeutic intervention. [6] One example of a prognostic biomarkers in clinical research, is the use of mutated PIK3CA in the study of metastatic breast cancer.

5. Tumor marker - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumor_marker

   A tumor marker is a biomarker that can be used to indicate the presence of cancer or the behavior of cancers (measure progression or response to therapy). They can be found in bodily fluids or tissue. Markers can help with assessing prognosis, surveilling patients after surgical removal of tumors, and even predicting drug-response and monitor ...

6. Biomarker (medicine) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomarker_(medicine)

   Biomarkers can also be classified based on their application such as diagnostic biomarkers (i.e., cardiac troponin for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction), staging of disease biomarkers (i.e., brain natriuretic peptide for congestive heart failure), disease prognosis biomarkers (cancer biomarkers), and biomarkers for monitoring the clinical ...

7. Immunologic constant of rejection - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunologic_Constant_of...

   The role of immunity in cancer is demonstrated by the predictive and prognostic role of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and immune response gene signatures. In several cancers these genes show great correlation. [2] A high expression of these genes indicates an active immune engagement, and at least a partial rejection of the cancer tissue.