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The Communist Party of Burma (CPB), [a] also known as the Burma Communist Party (BCP), [b] is an underground communist party in Myanmar (formerly Burma). It is the oldest existing political party in the country.
Democracy was suspended in the country following a coup in 1962. The uncertainty and chaos paved the way for a Burmese nationalist government to take over. From 1962 to 1988, the country was ruled by the Burma Socialist Programme Party as a one-party state guided by the Burmese Way to Socialism. The new Burmese leaders turned Burma into a ...
Myanmar, [d] officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar [e] and also rendered as Burma (the official English form until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia.It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has a population of about 55 million.
The communist insurgency in Burma was waged primarily by the Communist Party of Burma (CPB; colloquially the "white flags") and the Communist Party (Burma) ("red flags") from 1948 to 1989. The conflict ended when the CPB, severely weakened by an internal mutiny, disbanded its armed wing.
Insurgencies have been ongoing in Myanmar since 1948 and have largely been ethnic-based. Communist insurgencies and the Karen National Union were the primary opposition actors to the central government. [64] [65] Over the 20th century, several prominent ethnic armed organizations (EAOs) rose and fell in influence and control.
Certain other countries, such as Hungary, [1] Myanmar, [2] and Poland [3] have constitutions that make references to their communist and socialist past by recognizing or condemning it, but without claiming to be socialist in the present.
Following Burma's independence from the United Kingdom on 4 January 1948, the two largest opposition groups in the country were the communists, led by the Communist Party of Burma (CPB), and the Karen nationalists, led by the Karen National Union (KNU).
[4] [page needed] Over 400 "communist sympathizers" were arrested, of which 153 were deported to a penal colony on Great Coco Island in the Andaman Sea. Among them was the NUF leader Aung Than, older brother of Aung San. Newspapers like Botahtaung, Kyemon and Rangoon Daily were also closed down. [4] [page needed]