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The following diagnostic systems and rating scales are used in psychiatry and clinical psychology.This list is by no means exhaustive or complete. For instance, in the category of depression, there are over two dozen depression rating scales that have been developed in the past eighty years.
The BAI was specifically designed as "an inventory for measuring clinical anxiety" that minimizes the overlap between depression and anxiety scales. [4] While several studies have shown that anxiety measures, including the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), are either highly correlated or indistinguishable from depression , [ 13 ] [ 14 ...
Cronbach's alpha reported at .88 for measuring depression [22] Inter-rater reliability: Good Kappas range from .64-.81 for depression. [24] Kappa for anxiety is .83 [24] Test-retest reliability (stability) No published studies formally checking test-retest reliability Repeatability No published studies formally checking repeatability PHQ-9 ...
Some depression rating scales are completed by patients. The Beck Depression Inventory, for example, is a 21-question self-report inventory that covers symptoms such as irritability, fatigue, weight loss, lack of interest in sex, and feelings of guilt, hopelessness or fear of being punished. [11]
DASS, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, [1] is made up of 42 self-report items to be completed over five to ten minutes, each reflecting a negative emotional symptom. [2] Each of these is rated on a four-point Likert scale of frequency or severity of the participants' experiences over the last week to emphasize states over traits.
All of these scores are used to compute an overarching score that indicates a person's anxiety severity. [4] The Hamilton Anxiety Rating scale has been considered a valuable scale for many years, but the ever-changing definition of anxiety, new technology, and new research has had an effect on the scale's perceived usefulness. [5]
To ensure that the PAI maximized discriminant validity, each of the scales should be relatively distinct from one another. For example, if the depression and anxiety scales had many of the same items on them, it would be difficult to tell if elevations on these scales meant that the person was experiencing symptoms of depression, anxiety, or both.
The second edition of the profile of mood states scale is known as the POMS short form. POMS measures six different dimensions of mood swings over a period of time. These include: Tension or Anxiety, Anger or Hostility, Vigor or Activity, Fatigue or Inertia, Depression or Dejection, Confusion or Bewilderment.