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The disease is highly lethal and contagious, killing shrimp quickly. Outbreaks of this disease have wiped out the entire populations of many shrimp farms within a few days, in places throughout the world. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the lone virus of the genus Whispovirus (white spot), which is the only genus in the family Nimaviridae. [1]
It is visible as a white spot on the surface of the fish but, due to its internal microhabitat, it is a true endoparasite and not an ectoparasite. [ 3 ] It causes a disease commonly referred to as white spot disease due to the macroscopically visible trophonts (up to 1 mm in diameter) in the skin and fins.
Taura syndrome (TS) is one of the more devastating diseases affecting the shrimp farming industry worldwide. It was first described in Ecuador during the summer of 1992. In March 1993, it returned as a major epidemic and was the object of extensive media coverage.
Scyllarus arctus is susceptible to white spot syndrome, [9] and is predated upon by a wide range of demersal fish. [10] It lives at depths of 4–50 m on muddy or rocky substrates, and in Posidonia meadows. It is the subject of small scale fishery, but its scarcity and its small size make it an unattractive target. [5]
Other diseases affecting shrimp farms include white spot syndrome, monodon baculovirus, infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis, hepatopancreatic parvovirus, yellowhead disease, Taura syndrome, shell disease, infectious myonecrosis, and filamentous bacterial disease. [12]: 9–11
Fish gills are also the preferred habitat of many external parasites, attached to the gill but living out of it. The most common are monogeneans and certain groups of parasitic copepods, which can be extremely numerous. [18] Other external parasites found on gills are leeches and, in seawater, larvae of gnathiid isopods. [19]
In recent media reports, mycoplasma pneumonia has been described as “white lung syndrome,” due to the whitening of the lungs shown in x-rays of patients with pneumonia, NBC reports. The term ...
The symptoms and life-cycle are generally similar to those of Ichthyophthirius in freshwater fish, including white spots, on account of which Cryptocaryon is usually called marine ich. However, Cryptocaryon can spend a much longer time encysted. Fish that are infected with Cryptocaryon may have small white spots, nodules, or patches on their ...