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  2. Surface-area-to-volume ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface-area-to-volume_ratio

    The surface-area-to-volume ratio has physical dimension inverse length (L −1) and is therefore expressed in units of inverse metre (m −1) or its prefixed unit multiples and submultiples. As an example, a cube with sides of length 1 cm will have a surface area of 6 cm 2 and a volume of 1 cm 3. The surface to volume ratio for this cube is thus

  3. Galling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galling

    The damage on the metal sheet or characteristic pattern illustrates an "uneven surface," a change in the sheet material's plastic behavior and involves a larger deformed volume compared to mere flattening of the surface oxides. Galling is a form of wear caused by adhesion between sliding surfaces.

  4. Interface (matter) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface_(matter)

    The interface between matter and air, or matter and vacuum, is called a surface, and studied in surface science. In thermal equilibrium, the regions in contact are called phases, and the interface is called a phase boundary. An example for an interface out of equilibrium is the grain boundary in polycrystalline matter.

  5. Surface (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_(mathematics)

    It is an irregular point that remains irregular, whichever parametrization is chosen (otherwise, there would exist a unique tangent plane). Such an irregular point, where the tangent plane is undefined, is said singular. There is another kind of singular points. There are the self-crossing points, that is the points where the surface crosses ...

  6. Square–cube law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square–cube_law

    Its volume would be multiplied by the cube of 2 and become 8 m 3. The original cube (1 m sides) has a surface area to volume ratio of 6:1. The larger (2 m sides) cube has a surface area to volume ratio of (24/8) 3:1. As the dimensions increase, the volume will continue to grow faster than the surface area. Thus the square–cube law.

  7. Cylinder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cylinder

    The sphere has a volume two-thirds that of the circumscribed cylinder and a surface area two-thirds that of the cylinder (including the bases). Since the values for the cylinder were already known, he obtained, for the first time, the corresponding values for the sphere. The volume of a sphere of radius r is ⁠ 4 / 3 ⁠ π r 3 = ⁠ 2 / 3 ...

  8. Surface area - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_area

    A sphere of radius r has surface area 4πr 2.. The surface area (symbol A) of a solid object is a measure of the total area that the surface of the object occupies. [1] The mathematical definition of surface area in the presence of curved surfaces is considerably more involved than the definition of arc length of one-dimensional curves, or of the surface area for polyhedra (i.e., objects with ...

  9. Parametric surface - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parametric_surface

    A parametric surface is a surface in the Euclidean space which is defined by a parametric equation with two parameters :. Parametric representation is a very general way to specify a surface, as well as implicit representation .