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In medicine, gonadal vein refers to the blood vessel that carries blood away from the gonad (testis, ovary) toward the heart. These are different arteries in women ( ovarian vein ) and men ( testicular vein ), but share the same embryological origin.
The testicular vein (or spermatic vein), the male gonadal vein, carries deoxygenated blood from its corresponding testis to the inferior vena cava or one of its tributaries. It is the male equivalent of the ovarian vein , and is the venous counterpart of the testicular artery .
The ovarian vein, the female gonadal vein, carries deoxygenated blood from its corresponding ovary to inferior vena cava or one of its tributaries. It is the female equivalent of the testicular vein, and is the venous counterpart of the ovarian artery. It can be found in the suspensory ligament of the ovary. [1]
Since the left gonadal vein drains via the left renal vein, it can also result in left testicular pain [7] in men or left lower quadrant pain in women, especially during intercourse and during menstruation. [8] Occasionally, the gonadal vein swelling may lead to ovarian vein syndrome in women.
The pampiniform plexus (from Latin pampinus 'tendril' and forma 'form') is a venous plexus – a network of many small veins found in the human male spermatic cord, and the suspensory ligament of the ovary. In the male, it is formed by the union of multiple testicular veins from the back of the testis and tributaries from the epididymis.
A list of veins in the human body: Veins of the heart. Coronary sinus. Great cardiac vein; Oblique vein of left atrium; Middle cardiac vein; Small cardiac vein
The straight angle between the ovarian vein (or testicular vein in males in the case of varicocoele) and the renal vein has been proposed as a cause of decreased blood return. [citation needed] A related diagnosis is nutcracker syndrome where the left renal vein is described as being compressed between the aorta and the superior mesenteric ...
The boundaries are: the gonadal vessels (testicular artery and vein) medially, the iliopubic tract superiorly and the peritoneal reflection below. Contents of this triangle include the femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve, and the Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh.