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Zyklon B (German: [tsyˈkloːn ˈbeː] ⓘ; translated Cyclone B) was the trade name of a cyanide-based pesticide invented in Germany in the early 1920s. It consists of hydrogen cyanide (prussic acid), as well as a cautionary eye irritant and one of several adsorbents such as diatomaceous earth .
Over 1.1 million people were murdered by the Nazis using Zyklon B. [1] Following the end of World War II , he was arrested by British occupation authorities, tried as a war criminal, and executed. Tesch and his deputy executive, Karl Weinbacher , were the only businessmen to be executed for their role in Nazi war crimes in Western Europe.
A can of Zyklon B with adsorbent granules and original signed documents detailing ordering of Zyklon B as "materials for Jewish resettlement" (on display at Auschwitz concentration camp museum) Tesch & Stabenow was founded in 1924 in Hamburg. [2] In 1925, the firm became the only distributor of Zyklon on behalf of Degesch east of the Elbe.
Thanks to IBM's 2,000 punch card machines, the Nazis made 1.5 billion index cards. They help in the modern and efficient management of prison, labor and extermination camps. [112] [self-published source] IG Farben [113] [53] I.G. Farben logo: 1925 Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Main manufacturer of the Zyklon B chemical for gas chambers.
Degesch held the patent on the infamous pesticide Zyklon, a variant of which was used to execute people in the gas chambers of German extermination camps during the Holocaust. Through the firms Tesch & Stabenow GmbH (Testa) and Heerdt-Linger (Heli), Degesch sold the poisonous gas Zyklon B to the German Army and the Schutzstaffel (SS).
Huawei, the world’s second-biggest smartphone maker, has faced heated questioning from MPs - with one asking if it was fair to compare the firm to German companies who participated in the Holocaust.
SS-Totenkopfverbände (SS-TV; lit. ' Death's Head Units ' [ 2 ] ) was a major branch of the Nazi Party 's paramilitary Schutzstaffel (SS) organisation. It was responsible for administering the Nazi concentration camps and extermination camps for Nazi Germany , among similar duties. [ 3 ]
Several IG Farben executives said after the war that they did not know about the gassings, despite the increase in sales of Zyklon B to Auschwitz. IG Farben owned 42.5 percent of Degesch shares, and three members of Degesch's 11-person executive board, Wilhelm Rudolf Mann , Heinrich Hörlein and Carl Wurster , were directors of IG Farben. [ 52 ]