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The test consists of mounting a jet tube inside of an enclosed cylinder and releasing a turbulent downpour of water onto a soil specimen at a constant hydraulic head.If the shear stress applied by the jet stream exceeds the critical shear stress for erosion of the soil, the jet will erode soil particles, causing a scour hole to form.
Nickel forms double salts with Tutton's salt structure with tetrafluoroberyllate with the range of cations of ammonia, [4] potassium, rubidium, cesium, [5] and thallium. [ 6 ] Anhydrous salts of the formula M 2 Ni 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , which can be termed metal nickel trisulfates, belong to the family of langbeinites .
The hole erosion test (HET) is a method used in geotechnical engineering to quantify the resistance of a soil to erosion, and is specifically relevant to the topic of internal erosion in embankment dams. The test can be performed in a laboratory on a remolded soil sample, and provides estimates of both the critical shear stress for erosion of ...
A simplified version of the Emerson soil dispersion test [3] can be completed in the field on a 20-minute to two-hour timescale. Laboratory tests used to diagnose a soil as dispersive focus on the cation exchange capacity of a soil sample and its cation breakdown. Soil cations are dominated by Ca 2+, Mg 2+, K +, and Na +, as well as H + in ...
It is the chloride salt of the metal ammine complex [Ni(NH 3) 6] 2+. The cation features six ammonia (called ammines in coordination chemistry) ligands attached to the nickel (II) ion. [ 1 ]
Nickel ions can act as a cation in salts with many acids, including common oxoacids. Salts of the hexaaqua ion (Ni · 6 H 2 O 2+) are especially well known. Many double salts containing nickel with another cation are known. There are organic acid salts. Nickel can be part of a negatively charged ion (anion) making what is called a nickellate.
The reagent used is ammonium sulfide or Na 2 S 0.1 M added to the ammonia/ammonium chloride solution used to detect group 3 cations. It includes: Zn 2+, Ni 2+, Co 2+, and Mn 2+. Zinc will form a white precipitate, nickel and cobalt a black precipitate and manganese a brick/flesh colored precipitate.
Salts dissolved from the soil accumulate at the soil surface and are deposited on the ground and at the base of the fence post. Saline incrustation in a PVC irrigation pipe from Brazil. Soil salinity is the salt content in the soil; the process of increasing the salt content is known as salinization. [1] Salts occur naturally within soils and ...