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A transatlantic tunnel is a theoretical tunnel that would span the Atlantic Ocean between North America and Europe possibly for such purposes as mass transit.Some proposals envision technologically advanced trains reaching speeds of 500 to 8,000 kilometres per hour (310 to 4,970 mph). [1]
There are a number of proposed fixed connections, historic and contemporary—road or rail, bridge or tunnel—designed to connect the islands of Ireland and Great Britain, connect the island of Great Britain to mainland Europe, as well as to build other connections amongst the smaller islands in the British Islands.
The Channel Tunnel (French: Tunnel sous la Manche), sometimes referred to by the portmanteau Chunnel, [3] [4] is a 50.46 km (31.35-mile) undersea railway tunnel, opened in 1994, that connects Folkestone (Kent, England) with Coquelles (Pas-de-Calais, France) beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover.
The Celtic Interconnector is a 700 MW high-voltage direct current (HVDC) submarine power cable under construction between the southern coast of Ireland and the north-west coast of France. [1] It will be the first such interconnector between the two countries.
The Irish Sea Bridge is one of a number of proposed Irish Sea fixed crossings (marked here as the green Galloway Route). The Irish Sea Bridge, sometimes called the Celtic Crossing by the media, [1] is a hypothetical rail and road bridge that would span the Irish Sea and connect the island of Ireland to the island of Great Britain. [2]
The Port is the closest to mainland Europe from Ireland. Waterford Port is one of the busiest ports in Ireland. The port is important for tourism in Waterford. Cruise Ships dock in Dunmore East, Waterford Port and the quay in Waterford City Centre. [11] In September 2008 a new 190-metre quay was built that cost €11 million.
The dual-current capacity (1,500 volts DC and 25,000 volts AC) enables the train to serve the entire Ile-de-France network. Its electrical consumption is 20% lower than that of equipment in circulation in 2009. The two traction motors per bogie are of the three-phase asynchronous type; they operate at a voltage of 380 volts - 50 hertz.
Normally a train can only enter a block if it is free. The block is a track section delimited by signals, whose length depends on the distance needed for a train to stop or slow down, in the worst conditions on the portion of line under consideration. When traffic density is low, the blocks may be longer.