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Use of IRES sequences in molecular biology soon became common as a tool for expressing multiple genes from a single transcriptional unit in a genetic vector. In such vectors, translation of the first cistron is initiated at the 5' cap, and translation of any downstream cistron is enabled by an IRES element appended at its 5' end. [3]
The Tobamovirus internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is an element that allows cap and end-independent translation of mRNA in the host cell. [1] The IRES achieves this by mediating the internal initiation of translation by recruiting a ribosomal 43S pre-initiation complex directly to the initiation codon and eliminates the requirement for the eukaryotic initiation factor, eIF4F.
The RBS in prokaryotes is a region upstream of the start codon. This region of the mRNA has the consensus 5'-AGGAGG-3', also called the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence. [1] The complementary sequence (CCUCCU), called the anti-Shine-Dalgarno (ASD) is contained in the 3’ end of the 16S region of the smaller (30S) ribosomal subunit.
This family represents the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of the hepatitis A virus. [1] HAV IRES is a 450 nucleotide long sequence [2] located in the 735 nt long 5’ UTR (untranslated region) of Hepatitis A viral RNA genome. [1]
Early studies indicated that AREs can vary in sequence and fall into three main classes that differ in the number and arrangement of motifs. [1] Another set of elements that is present in both the 5' and 3′-UTR are iron response elements (IREs). The IRE is a stem-loop structure within the untranslated regions of mRNAs that encode proteins ...
This family represents the Picornavirus internal ribosome entry site (IRES) element present in their 5' untranslated region. [1] These elements were discovered in picornaviruses. [ 2 ] They are cis-acting RNA sequences that adopt diverse three-dimensional structures, recruit the translation machinery and that often operate in association with ...
This category groups pages related to Internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) of RNA.IRESs are a nucleotide sequence that directs translation initiation in the middle of a messenger RNA (mRNA) as opposed to the usual process where initiation occurs at the five-prime end.
This alternate mechanism relies on the direct binding of the 40S ribosomal subunit by the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) in the 5' UTR of HCV RNA. The HCV IRES adopts a complex structure, and may differ significantly from IRES elements identified in picornaviruses. A small number of eukaryotic mRNAs has been shown to be translated by ...