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The transport of pipe segments for the Great Man-Made River (GMMR) in the Sahara desert, Libya, during the 1980s.A network of pipes that supplies water from the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System, a fossil aquifer in the Sahara desert of Libya, the GMMR is the world's largest irrigation project.
Soil compaction causes reductions in crop growth, yield and quality. Locally, these effects may have minor impacts on food security. If one aggregates the losses in food supply due to soil compaction, however, compaction may threaten food security. This is especially relevant for regions that are prone to droughts and floodings.
A quarter of all the animal species live underground. According to the 2020 Food and Agriculture Organization’s report "State of knowledge of soil biodiversity – Status, challenges and potentialities", there are major gaps in knowledge about biodiversity in soils. [18] [19] Degraded soil requires synthetic fertilizer to produce high yields ...
In geotechnical engineering, soil compaction is the process in which stress applied to a soil causes densification as air is displaced from the pores between the soil grains. When stress is applied that causes densification due to water (or other liquid) being displaced from between the soil grains, then consolidation , not compaction, has ...
In rural northern Nigeria in the 1990s, Mohamed Bah Abba developed the Pot-in-Pot Preservation Cooling System, consisting of a small clay pot placed inside a larger one, and the space between the two filled with moist sand. The inner pot is filled with fruit, vegetables or soft drinks and covered with a wet cloth.
The typical construction process for a wind turbine subsea monopile foundation in sand includes driving a large hollow steel pile, of some 4 m in diameter with approximately 50mm thick walls, some 25 m deep into the seabed, through a 0.5 m layer of larger stone and gravel to minimize erosion around the pile.
African countries' inadequate access to debt relief and scarce resources is a recipe for social unrest, United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said on Thursday, proposing fresh reforms ...
Road system drainage [13] In addition, the chloride concentration in the surface water also depends on the size or flow rate of the water body and the resulting dilution achieved. In a chloride concentration study carried out in Wisconsin during a winter de-icing period, runoff from roadside drainages was analyzed.